- AKinetochore
- BBivalent
- CAxoneme
- DEquatorial plate
Explanation:
Meiosis occurs in two stages, meiosis I and meiosis II.Crossing over occurs during meiosis I. Homologous chromosomes pair during meiosis I, this is called as synapsis.
The synapsis occurs between homologous chromosomes and facilitates crossing over.
Each synapsed pair is comprised of two sister chromatids and hence is a bivalent.
Each chromosome of a bivalent, in turn, is made up of two sister chromatids.
Hence each pair is actually a tetrad of chromatids.
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$A.$ Mosses and lichens are the first organisms to colonise a bare rock.
$B.$ Selaginella is a homosporous pteridophyte.
$C.$ Coralloid roots in Cycas have $VAM$.
$D.$ Main plant body in bryophytes is gametophytic, whereas in pteridophytes it is sporophytic.
$E.$ In gymnosperms, male and female gametophytes are present within sporangia located on sporophyte.