- AHalogens
- B$Fe,\,Co$ and $Ni$
- CInert gases
- ✓Hydrogen
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$Zn^{2+} + 2e^-$ $\longrightarrow$ $Zn (s) ; E^o = -0.76\,V$
$Ca^{2+} + 2e^-$ $\longrightarrow$ $Ca (s) ; E^o = -2.87\,V$
$Mg^{2+} + 2e^-$ $\longrightarrow$ $Mg (s) ; E^o = -2.36\,V$
$Ni^{2+} + 2e^-$ $\longrightarrow$ $Ni (s) ; E^o = -0.25\,V$
The reducing power of the metals increases in the order
Reactent $(A)$ is
$ \mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}\left(\mathrm{NO}_2\right)-\mathrm{COOH} $
$ \mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CHBr}-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_3 $
$ \mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}(\mathrm{I})-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{NO}_2 $
$ \mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}(\mathrm{OH})-\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{OH} $
$ \mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}-\mathrm{CH}(\mathrm{I})-\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_5 $
$\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,\,\,O} \\
{\,\,\,\,\,||} \\
{HOC{H_2}C{H_2} - C - OC{H_2}C{H_3}}
\end{array}$ $\xrightarrow{{PCC}}(A)\,\xrightarrow[{(1\,\,molar\,\,equivalent)}]{{{H_2}C \equiv CHMgBr}}(B)$ $\xrightarrow{{N{H_4}Cl\,/\,{H_2}O}}\,(C)\,\,\xrightarrow[{{H_2}O}]{{KOH}}\,$ $\xrightarrow{{{H_3}{O^ \oplus }}}\,\,\xrightarrow[{pyridine}]{{\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,\,\,\,\,O} \\
{\,\,\,\,\,\,||} \\
{{{(C{H_3} - C)}_2}O}
\end{array}}}(D)$
(At. No. $Ti = 22, Cr = 24, Co = 27, Zn = 30$ )