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Redox Reactions — Chemistry STD 11 Science — Question

Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 11 ScienceChemistryRedox Reactions2 Marks
Question
The reaction
$\text{Cl}_2\text{(g)}+2\text{OH}^-(\text{aq})\xrightarrow{ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }\text{ClO}^-(\text{aq})+\text{Cl}^-(\text{aq})+\text{H}_2\text{O}(\text{l})$
represents the process of bleaching. Identify and name the species that bleaches the substances due to its oxidising action.
✓

Answer

$\stackrel{0}{\text{Cl}}_2(\text{g})+\stackrel{-2+1}{\text{2OH}^-}(\text{aq})\xrightarrow{ \ \ \ \ \ \ }\stackrel{+1-2}{\text{ClO}^-}(\text{aq})+\stackrel{-1}{\text{Cl}^-}(\text{aq})+\stackrel{ +1-2(\text{oxidation number}) \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }{\text{H}_2\text{O(1)} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ } $
In this reaction, $\mathrm{O} . \mathrm{N}$. of Cl increases from 0 (in $\mathrm{Cl}_2$ ) to +1 (in $\mathrm{ClO}^{-}$) and decreases to -1 (in $\mathrm{Cl}^{-}$). Therefore, $\mathrm{Cl}_2$ is both oxidized to $\mathrm{ClO}^{-}$and reduced to $\mathrm{Cl}^{-}$. Since $\mathrm{Cl}^{-}$ion cannot act as an oxidizing agent (because it cannot decrease its O.N. lower than -1 ), therefore, $\mathrm{Cl}_2$ bleaches substances due to oxidizing action of hypochlorite, ClO ion.

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