MCQ
The three important oxidation states of phosphorus are
- ✓$ - 3,\, + 3$ and $ + 5$
- B$ - 3,\, + 3$ and $ - 5$
- C$ - 3,\, + 4$ and $ - 4$
- D$ - 3,\, + 3$ and $ + 4$
$+3$ is due to the participation of only $3 P ^3$ (due to inert pair effect). Only three electrons involve in bond formation.
$+5$ is due to the participation of $3 s ^2 3 P ^3$ (due to absence of inert pair effect). All the five electrons involves in bond formation.
$-3$ is due to gain of three electrons as it has five electrons in valence shell so as to attain octet configaration.
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${N_2}{H_4}(l)\,+\,2{H_2}{O_2}(l)\,\, \to \,{N_2}(g)\,\, + \,4{H_2}O(l);\,\,{\Delta _r}H_1^o\, = \, - 818\,\,kJ/mol$
${N_2}{H_4}(l)\,\, + {O_2}(g)\,\, \to \,{N_2}(g)\,\, + \,2{H_2}O(l);\,\,{\Delta _r}H_2^o\, = \, - 622\,\,kJ/mol$
${H_2}(g)\,\, + 1/2{O_2}(g)\,\, \to \,{H_2}O(l);\,\,{\Delta _r}H_3^o\, = \, - 285\,\,kJ/mol$
......$kJ/mol$