Question
What are Accounting Standards? Name any two Accounting Standards.

Answer

Accounting Standards: Accounting Standards are a set of guidelines, i.e., Generally Accepted Account ng Principles, that are followed for preparation and presentation of Financial Statements. They are accounting rules and procedures relating to measurement, recognition, treatment, presentation and disclosure of accounting transactions in the financial statements issued by the Council of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India.

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Pass entries in the books of Mukerjee & Sons. assuming all transactions have taken place within the state of Uttar Pradesh. Assume CGST @ 9% and SGST @ 9%.
2018
 
March 1
Purchased goods for ₹ 5,00,000 from Mehta Bros.
March 10
Sold goods for ₹ 8,00,000 to Munjal & Co.
March 15
Paid for advertisement ₹ 40,000 by cheque.
March 18
Purchased furniture for office use ₹ 50,000 and payment made by cheque.
March 25
Paid for printing and stationery ₹ 8,000.
March 31
Payment made of balance amount of GST.
Identify the values involved in the assumption of going concern.
Open a 'T' shape account for machinery and put the following transactions on the proper side:
S.No
 
i
Machinery purchased
40,000
ii
Machinery sold
10,000
iii
Machinery purchased
8,000
iv
Machinery discarded
14,000
v
Depreciation on machinery
1,000
If Depreciation reduces profits and value of fixed assets and thus, the capital of the owner, why do businesses charge Depreciation?
On 1st April, 2019, Mohit, Delhi started business with a capital of ₹ 50,000. He made the following transactions during the month of April:
2019  
April 3 Purchased goods from Rita, Delhi on credit for 20,000
April 4 Cash paid to Rita 10,000
April 6 Goods sold to Rohit, Chandigarh 25,000
April 8 Received cash from Rohit 20,000
April 12 Goods purchased from Rita 12,000
April 18 Cash paid to Rita 20,000
April 25 Goods sold to Rohit, Chandigarh 10,000
April 30 Received cash from Rohit 6,000
You are required to journalise the above transactions and show the respective Ledger accounts.
Pass entries in the books of Ganguli & Sons. assuming all transactions have been entered in the state of West Bengal:
1.
Purchased goods for ₹ 2,00,000 and payment made by cheque.
2.
Sold goods for ₹ 1,60,000 to Devki Nandan & Sons.
3.
Purchased goods for ₹ 50,000 on credit.
4.
Paid for printing and stationery ₹ 4,000.
5.
Received for commission ₹ 5,000.
6.
Output GST adjusted against Input GST.
Assume CGST @ 6% and SGST @ 6%.
Journalise the following transactions:
  1. Purchased a Motor Car for 3,00,000 and paid 25,000 for its repair and renewal. Entire payment is made by cheque.
  2. Received Rent 5,000.
  3. Goods worth 20,000 were distributed as free samples.
  4. Charge depreciation on Motor Car 32,500.
  5. Rent due to Landlord 10,000 and Salary due to Clerks 80,000.
  6. Charge interest on Capital 20,000.
  7. 5,000 due from Sanjay Gupta are bad-debts.
  8. Goods worth 50,000 were destroyed by fire.
  9. ash 5,000 and goods worth 20,000 were stolen by an employee.
Journalise the following transactions in the books of Kanishk Traders:
i.
Sold goods costing ₹ 1,20,000 to Charu at a profit of $33\frac{1}{3}\%$ on cost less 15% Trade Discount.
ii.
Sold goods costing ₹ 80,000 to Arun against cheque at a profit of 25% on cost less 15% Trade Discount.
iii.
Paid by cheque ₹ 8,400 as insurance premium for a period of 12 months starting 1st August 2016. Financial year closes on 31st March every year.
Journalise the following transactions in the Journal of Navin Gupta & Sons.:
  1. Out of Insurance premium paid this year, ₹ 15,000 is related to next year.
  2. Credit purchases from Ram & Co. for ₹ 50,000. Cash discount will be received at 5% on payment of bill within 10 days.
  3. Cash paid to Ram & Co. and discount availed of.
  4. Paid Income Tax ₹ 20,000 by cheque.
  5. Goods costing ₹ 2,00,000 sold for cash at a profit of 10%.
  6. Purchased iron safe for ₹ 2,00,000 filing cabinet for ₹ 50,000 and Computer for ₹ 1,00,000.
Give journal entries of M/s. Mohit traders; post them to the Ledger from the following transactions:
August, 2017
 
1
Commenced business with cash
1,10,000
2
Opened bank account with H.D.F.C.
50,000
3
Purchased furniture
20,000
7
Bought goods for cash from M/s. Rupa Traders
30,000
8
Purchased good from M/s. Hema Traders
42,000
10
Sold goods for cash
30,000
14
Sold goods on credit to M/s. Gupta Traders
12,000
16
Rent paid
4,000
18
Paid trade expenses
1,000
20
Received cash from Gupta Traders
12,000
22
Goods return to Hema Traders
2,000
23
Cash paid to Hema Traders
40,000
25
Bought postage stamps
100
30
Paid salary to Rishabh
4,000