Question
What are ethers? How are ethers classified?
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Answer
They are alkoxy derivatives of alkanes in which a hydrogen atom of alkane $(R-H)$ is replaced by alkoxy group ( $- O - R$ ) and divalent oxygen atom is attached to two alkyl groups or two aryl groups or one alkyl and one aryl group. Ethers are organic oxides $R - O - Ar , Ar - O - Ar$.
E.g. $R - O - R$ or $C _2 H _5- O - C _2 H _5$.
Ethers are classified into two groups as follows:
(1) Simple or symmetrical ether : The ethers in which both alkyl (or aryl) groups attached to the oxygen atom are same are called simple ethers.
E.g. $( R - O - R ), CH _3- O - CH _3$, dimethyl ether; $C _6 H _5- O - C _6 H _5$ diphenyl ether.
(2) Mixed or unsymmetrical ethers: The ethers in which the two alkyl (or aryl) groups attached to the oxygen atom are different are called mixed ethers.
E.g. (R-O-R), $CH _3- O - C _2 H _5$ ethyl methyl ether; $C _2 H _5- O - C _6 H _5$ ethyl phenyl ether.
E.g. $R - O - R$ or $C _2 H _5- O - C _2 H _5$.
Ethers are classified into two groups as follows:
(1) Simple or symmetrical ether : The ethers in which both alkyl (or aryl) groups attached to the oxygen atom are same are called simple ethers.
E.g. $( R - O - R ), CH _3- O - CH _3$, dimethyl ether; $C _6 H _5- O - C _6 H _5$ diphenyl ether.
(2) Mixed or unsymmetrical ethers: The ethers in which the two alkyl (or aryl) groups attached to the oxygen atom are different are called mixed ethers.
E.g. (R-O-R), $CH _3- O - C _2 H _5$ ethyl methyl ether; $C _2 H _5- O - C _6 H _5$ ethyl phenyl ether.
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