The different methods of soil conservation are
→ Mulching In this method, the clear ground between plants is covered with a layer of organic matter like straw, to retain soil moisture.
→ Contour barriers In this method, stones, grass, soil are used to build barriers along contours. Trenches are made in front of the barriers to collect water.
→ Rock dam In this method, rocks are piled up to slow down the flow of water, to prevent gullies and further soil loss.
→ Terrace farming In this method, broad flat steps or terraces are made on the steep slopes for growing crops, reducing surface runoff and soil erosion.
→ Intercropping In this method, different crops are grown in alternate rows and are sown at different times to protect the soil from rain wash.
→ Contour ploughing In this method, ploughing is done parallel to the contours of a hill slope to form a natural barrier for water to flow down the slope.
→ Shelterbelts In this method, rows of trees are planted to check the wind movement and to protect soil cover, in coastal and dry regions.