Sports Medicine — Physical Education STD 12 Commerce — Question

Strain: Strain is caused by twisting or pulling a muscle or tendon. It can happen suddenly or develop over days or weeks. A sudden (acute) strain is caused by a recent injury like lifting heavy objects or rods in the wrong way and over-stressing the muscles.

Prevention:

1. From the prevention point of view, every sportsperson should undergo a complete warm up before participating in any sports activity. He/ she should do stretching exercises of all parts of the body.
2. Conditioning should be done during the preparatory period'
3. Sports equipment must be of good quality.
4. Playfields/ courts should be smooth and clean.
5. The scientific knowledge of the game is must for preventing strain.
6. Players should be careful and alert during the training and competition.
7. Good officiating quality of official is essential during practice or competition.
8. Players should discontinue to play during the state of fatigue.

Sprain:
It is a ligament injury. It may occur due to overstretching or tearing of ligament. Many things can cause sprain. Falling, twisting or getting hit can force a point out of its normal position.

Prevention:

1. A thorough warm-up is necessary for preventing sprain, especially all the joints should be exercised well during warm up.
2. Proper conditioning should be done during the preparatory phase.
3. All the sports equipment must be of good quality.
4. Playfields/ courts should be smooth and clean.
5. Good officiating quality of official is essential for preventing such injury'
6. Rules of the game/ sport must be followed'
7. Players should be careful and alert during the practice, training and competition.
8. Players should not continue to play in case of fatigue.
9. Always try to eat a well-balanced diet to keep muscles strong'
10. Maintain a healthy weight.
11. Try to avoid falling.
12. Wear shoes that fit well.
13. Wear protective equipment when playing.
14. Try to run on flat surfaces.