Acids, Bases and Salts — Science STD 10 — Question

When copper powder is heated strongly in air, it forms copper oxide. Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction. Name:

1. Substance oxidised, and
2. Substance reduced.

Give any two differences between the properties of diamond and graphite. What causes these differences?

Why graphite is smooth?

Write the balanced chemical equations for the following reaction.
Sodium carbonate on reaction with hydrochloric acid in equal molar concentrations gives sodium chloride and sodium hydrogencarbonate.

When a solution is added to vanilla extract, then the characteristic smell of vanilla cannot be detected. State whether the given solution is an acid or a base.

A compound ‘X’ on heating with excess conc. sulphuric acid at 443K gives an unsaturated compound ‘Y’. ‘X’ also reacts with sodium metal to evolve a colourless gas ‘Z’. Identify ‘X’, ‘Y’ and ‘Z’. Write the equation of the chemical reaction of formation of ‘Y’ and also write the role of sulphuric acid in the reaction.

Write the balanced chemical equation for the following reaction and identify the type of reaction.
Sodium hydroxide solution is treated with acetic acid to form sodium acetate and water.

Name the functional groups present in the following compounds:

1. CH₃CHO
   
2. CH₃CH₂COOH
   
3. CH₃COCH₃
   
4. CH₃CH₂CH₂OH
   

How is ethanoic acid obtained from ethanol? Write down the chemical equation of the reaction involved.

You are given three solutions A, B and C with pH values 2, 10 and 13 respectively. Write which solution has more hydrogen ions concentration among the three and state the nature ‘acidic or basic’ of each solution.