Entrepreneurial Planning — Entrepreneurship STD 12 Commerce — Question

Define ‘Cost’ and name the major elements which determine the cost.

Answer each of these questions in about fifty words:
What do you understand by venture capital?

If Tata Fertilisers Ltd. (TFL) take-up by Tata Chemicals Ltd. (TCL). TFL transferred its assets, liabilities and shares to TCL. Identify the type of merger and explain the same.

What does the demographic segmenting show?

'H.L. Chemist' sells medicines at a discount of 5% on list price. On 1.3.2017 medicines as per details given below were sold by 'H.L.Chemist'.

No. of Customers	Per customer billed amount
	₹
50	340
45	370
35	650
30	800
25	975

Calculate the average amount of medicines sold per customer.

Naveen after completing his M. Tech in Nano Technology wanted to start his own business. He thought to manufacture sophisticated instruments used in surgery. He knew that his knowledge of Nano Technology will help him in manufacturing these instruments. According to him such instruments will help the surgeons to operate upon the patients with accuracy, with minimum blood loss and quick post operation recovery; Such types of instruments are used in advanced countries only and there was a risk in marketing the same. The cost price of machinery required, for manufacturing such instruments was very high and more research was required in this field of Nano Technology. For seed funding, Naveen approached 'Himani Capital Ltd.' who finance such types of projects. 'Himani Capitals Ltd.' after analysing the proposal agreed to provide seed capital to Naveen.
Explain the different stages of 'Early stage financing' to seek venture capital finance after the one discussed above.

Dairy foods ltd. has been well known for it's products throughout India. They started manufacturing Biscuits and chocolates in the year 1995 and slowly built their brand. The company occupied the top position in terms of sales and it increased it's product range also. By 2010 they were the undisputed leader in the field of confectionaries. Their annual general meeting was held wherein the Board of directors felt that the company should also be socially responsible in doing their business. They decided to use new technologically advanced recycled paper for all their products which would retain the freshness of their products as well as contribute towards the saving of our planet.
By doing this the company has modified their goods in a particular way to create a new product of greater value to the customers. Identify the concept mentioned above and explain it from financial and marketing point of view.

Explain how the regulatory issues leads to the failure of merger.

Explain any three features of a 'Co-operative Organisation'.

Ram was very thrilled with his new job. He was placed in a small factory manufacturing door knobs as a stock keeper. After a few days, while taking stock he understood that nuts and various small parts constituted majority of the cost of production. After some time, the firm went into a loss and the owner decided to look into the various factors that could have constituted the loss. Ram expressed his concern that inventory was not properly maintained and that there are various techniques which are involved and if followed properly the company will not be in a loss. The owner agreed to the suggestion. He also decided to take help from some specialized government institution initiate steps for technological up gradation, and modernization of existing units.

1. What technique was suggested by Ram? Explain it.
2. Which specialized financial institution is the owner thinking of approaching and state any one of its objectives?