Question
What is carbonyl group? Give information about the functional groups containing carbonyl group with their structures.
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Answer
→ Carbonyl group: "The organic compunds in which carbon-oxygen double bond (>C=O) containing functional group is present is called carbonyl compounds and >C=O group is known as carbonyl group.'
Functional groups containing carbonyl group:
→ Aldehydes and ketones: In aldehydes, the carbonyl group is bonded to a carbon and hydrogen while in the ketone, it is bonded to two carbon atoms.
→ Carboxylic acids: The carbonyl compounds in which carbon of carbonyl group is bonded to carbon or hydrogen and oxygen of hydroxyl moiety (-OH) are known as carboxylic acid.
→ Amides and acyl halides: The carbonyl compounds in which carbon of carbonyl group is bonded to carbon or hydrogen and nitrogen of-NH2, moiety or to halogen are called amides and acyl halides respectively.
→ Esters and anhydrides: The compounds in which carbonyl carbon is bonded to a carbon or hydrogen and oxygen of alkoxy moiety (-OR') and carbon of acyl moiety (-COR') are known as esters and anhydrides respectively.
Functional groups containing carbonyl group:
→ Aldehydes and ketones: In aldehydes, the carbonyl group is bonded to a carbon and hydrogen while in the ketone, it is bonded to two carbon atoms.
→ Carboxylic acids: The carbonyl compounds in which carbon of carbonyl group is bonded to carbon or hydrogen and oxygen of hydroxyl moiety (-OH) are known as carboxylic acid.
→ Amides and acyl halides: The carbonyl compounds in which carbon of carbonyl group is bonded to carbon or hydrogen and nitrogen of-NH2, moiety or to halogen are called amides and acyl halides respectively.
→ Esters and anhydrides: The compounds in which carbonyl carbon is bonded to a carbon or hydrogen and oxygen of alkoxy moiety (-OR') and carbon of acyl moiety (-COR') are known as esters and anhydrides respectively.
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