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Acids, Bases and Salts — Science STD 10 — Question

CBSE BoardEnglish MediumSTD 10ScienceAcids, Bases and Salts3 Marks
Question
What is ‘chlor-alkali’ process and what products are formed during this process?
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Answer

When electricity is passed through an aqueous solution of sodium chloride it decomposes to form sodium hydroxide. The process is called the chlor-alkali alkali process because of the products formed: chlor for chlorine and alkali for Sodium Hydroxide. Chlorine gas is given off at the anode and hydrogen gas at the cathode.

An aqueous solution of sodium chloride is called brine.

$2\text{NaCl(aq)}+2\text{H}_2\text{O(l)}\xrightarrow{\text{(electrolysis)}}2\text{NaOH(aq)}+\text{Cl}_2+\text{H}_2\text{(g)}$

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