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Solutions — Chemistry STD 12 Science — Question

Rajasthan BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ScienceChemistrySolutions3 Marks
Question
What is ideal Solution? Explain with examples.
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Answer

→ "The solutions which follows Raoult's law over the entire range of concentration are known as ideal solutions."
→ The enthalpy of mixing of the pure components to form the solution is zero and the volume of mixing is also zero,
$\Delta_{\text {mix }} H =0 \quad \Delta_{\text {mix }} V =0$
→ It means that no heat is absorbed or evolved when the components are mixed.
→ The volume of solution would be equal to the sum of volumes of the two components.
→ At molecular level, ideal behaviour of the solutions can be explained by considering two components A and B. In pure components, the intermolecular attractive interactions will be of types A-A and B-B, where as in the binary solutions in addition to these two interactions, A-B type of interactions will also be present.
→ If the intermolecular attractive forces between the A-A and B-B are nearly equal to those between A-B, this leads to the formation of ideal solution.
→ Example of ideal solution:
→ n-hexane and n-heptane, bromoethane and chloroethane, benzene and toluene, etc.

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