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Biotechnology: Principles and Processes — BIOLOGY STD 12 Science — Question

Bihar BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ScienceBIOLOGYBiotechnology: Principles and Processes5 Marks
Question
What is rDNA? Explain the technique of cloning rDNA.
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Answer

rDNA is the DNA formed by combining DNAs from two different organisms. In bacterial cell, rDNA can be transferred by using a vector where it multiplies into many copies. These copies are preserved as gene library.
Recombinant DNA technology involves the following steps:
  1. Isolation of DNA.
  2. Fragmentation of DNA by restriction endonucleases.
  3. Isolation of a desired DNA fragment.
  4. Amplification of the gene of interest.
  5. Ligation of the DNA fragment into a vector.
  6. Insertion of recombinant DNA into the host.
  7. Culturing the host cells on a suitable medium at a large scale.
  8. Extraction of the desired gene product.
  9. Downstream processing of the products as finished product, ready for marketing.

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