Question
What is the difference between heat and temperature?
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Answer
Heat is a form of energy. Particles of matter (atoms, molecules, etc.) possess potential energy and kinetic energy. Total energy (potential energy + kinetic energy) of all particles of matter in a given sample is called it’s thermal energy. When two bodies at different temperatures are in thermal contact with each other, there is transfer of thermal energy from a body at higher temperature to a body at lower temperature. This energy in transfer is called heat. It is expressed in joule, calorie and erg.
Temperature is a quantitative measure of degree of hotness or coldness of a body. It is expressed in °C, °F or K (kelvin). Temperature determines the direction of energy transfer.
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Give the IUPAC names for the following:
→- $ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{H}\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|}\\ \text{CH}_3-\text{C}-\text{CH}_3\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|} \\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{CH}_3$
- $ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{H} \ \ \ \ \ \text{H} \ \ \ \ \ \text{H}\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|}\\ \text{H}-\text{C}=\text{C}-\text{C}-\text{H}\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|}\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{H}$
- $ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{H}\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|}\\ \text{H}-\text{C}-\text{C}\equiv\text{C}-\text{H}\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|}\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{H}$
Write the structural formulae for the following IUPAC names: Ethanamine
In two methods of control of corrosion of aluminium, either a layer of aluminium oxide is formed or a silver plating is done on the surface. State to which electrode the aluminium article is attached in these methods respectively.
State two characteristics of a homologous series.
Two circular coils A and B are placed close to each other. If the current in coil A is changed, will some current be induced in the coil B? Give reason for your answer.
Give two general properties of ionic compounds and two those of covalent compounds.
Write structural formulae for the following $\text{IUPAC}$ names.
Ethanamine: Molecular formula $C_2H_5NH_2$
→Ethanamine: Molecular formula $C_2H_5NH_2$
Observe the straight chain hydrocarbons given below and answer the following questions:
(i) Which of the straight chain compounds from A and B is saturated and unsaturated straight chains?
(ii) Name these straight chains.
(iii) Write their chemical formulae and number of $-CH_2$ units.
→(i) Which of the straight chain compounds from A and B is saturated and unsaturated straight chains?
(ii) Name these straight chains.
(iii) Write their chemical formulae and number of $-CH_2$ units.
What are redox reactions? Identify the substances that are oxidised and the substances that are reduced in the following reactions:
(1) $2 H _2 S _{2( g )}+ SO _{2( g )} \rightarrow 3 S _{( s )}+2 H _2 O _{( l )}$
(2) $CuO _{( s )}+ H _{2( g )} \rightarrow CU _{( s )}+ H _2 O _{( l )}$
(3) $MnO _2+4 HCl \rightarrow MnCl _2+2 H _2 O + Cl _2 \uparrow$
→(1) $2 H _2 S _{2( g )}+ SO _{2( g )} \rightarrow 3 S _{( s )}+2 H _2 O _{( l )}$
(2) $CuO _{( s )}+ H _{2( g )} \rightarrow CU _{( s )}+ H _2 O _{( l )}$
(3) $MnO _2+4 HCl \rightarrow MnCl _2+2 H _2 O + Cl _2 \uparrow$
DEFINE : Industrial microbiology.