Albert Einstein made revolutionary contributions to science, especially in the field of physics. In 1905, he published his Special Theory of Relativity, which proposed that time and distance are not absolute. This was followed by the famous equation E = mc², which established the relationship between mass and energy. In 1915, he introduced the General Theory of Relativity, which explained the effect of gravity on space and time. His theories changed the way people understood the universe. In recognition of his scientific achievements, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921.