Question
Which factors affect the distribution of population of India?
✓
Answer
Factors that affects the distribution of population of India are as follows:
i. Physiography: Physiography plays an important role in the distribution of population.
a. Human settlements have been established majorly in plain region, fertile land and areas where water is available. For e.g. population is concentrated in northern plain region, i..e. states like Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar.
b. On the contrary in mountainous, or hilly regions, dry desert areas, and dense forest areas, density of population is sparse. For e.g. density of population in Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh is low due to mountainous region, also in dry desert areas of Rajasthan and forest regions of Chhatisgarh population is low.
ii. Climate:
a. In order to survive, human beings need suitable and conducive climate; as these are one of the most essential factors for survival.
For e.g.: In India, the northern plains and the coastal areas in the west and east have favourable climate which results in the concentration of population in these areas.
b. Also, it is to be noted that human settlements are not dense in areas having rain shadow regions, dry weather or less rainfall, extremely heavy rainfall, high temperature, etc.
For e.g. In India, sparse population is found in the western desert occupied areas of Rajasthan, where the soil is not suitable for cultivation and the climate is very dry. Similarly, sparse population is also found in the areas of high altitude like Himalayas where the temperature is as low as $-40^{\circ}$ (minus forty degrees).
iii. Other factors:
a. Due to Human activities such as farming, industries and trade, a significant proportion of the human population has become concentrated in few places, like the northern plain and in cities like - Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai, Pune, etc.
b. On the contrary, due to inaccessibility, absence of facilities and harsh living conditions, some regions have sparse population. For e.g. population distribution is sparse in Himalayan regions, desert areas and forest areas.
i. Physiography: Physiography plays an important role in the distribution of population.
a. Human settlements have been established majorly in plain region, fertile land and areas where water is available. For e.g. population is concentrated in northern plain region, i..e. states like Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar.
b. On the contrary in mountainous, or hilly regions, dry desert areas, and dense forest areas, density of population is sparse. For e.g. density of population in Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh is low due to mountainous region, also in dry desert areas of Rajasthan and forest regions of Chhatisgarh population is low.
ii. Climate:
a. In order to survive, human beings need suitable and conducive climate; as these are one of the most essential factors for survival.
For e.g.: In India, the northern plains and the coastal areas in the west and east have favourable climate which results in the concentration of population in these areas.
b. Also, it is to be noted that human settlements are not dense in areas having rain shadow regions, dry weather or less rainfall, extremely heavy rainfall, high temperature, etc.
For e.g. In India, sparse population is found in the western desert occupied areas of Rajasthan, where the soil is not suitable for cultivation and the climate is very dry. Similarly, sparse population is also found in the areas of high altitude like Himalayas where the temperature is as low as $-40^{\circ}$ (minus forty degrees).
iii. Other factors:
a. Due to Human activities such as farming, industries and trade, a significant proportion of the human population has become concentrated in few places, like the northern plain and in cities like - Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai, Pune, etc.
b. On the contrary, due to inaccessibility, absence of facilities and harsh living conditions, some regions have sparse population. For e.g. population distribution is sparse in Himalayan regions, desert areas and forest areas.
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