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Biological Classification — BIOLOGY STD 11 Science — Question

Rajasthan BoardEnglish MediumSTD 11 ScienceBIOLOGYBiological Classification3 Marks
Question
Why does the interior of bacterial cell appear simple and granular? Which components make cell envelope of bacterial cell? What gives gummy or sticky trait to bacterial cells and if it is not essential for survival, what are its functions?
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Answer

  1. The interior of bacterial cell seems simple and granular because the membrane bound organellesare not present in it.
  2. Mucilage, cell wall and plasma membrane are together called cell envelope.
  3. Mucilage or glycocalyx gives gummy or sticky trait to cells.

Though it is not essential for bacterial survival, glycocalyx has several functions such as:

  1. Protection from dessication and toxins.
  2. Preventing host phagocytes to get attached to the bacterium.
  3. Holding cells together.
  4. Storing chemicals for virulence.

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