Why work done in vacuum is zero? - Vidyadip

Question

Why work done in vacuum is zero?

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Answer

A free expansion means expansion against zero opposing force. Such expansion occurs in a vacuum. When the gas expands in a vacuum, there is no opposing force, that is, $P_{ext} = 0$. The work done by a system during such expansion is $W = – P_{ext} \triangle V = 0$.
Thus, work done in a vacuum is zero.

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