POPULATION — Economics STD 12 Commerce — Question

Size and growth of population: The total population in different periods is known as the size of the population. The growth rate of population in the size of the population during a given period is called the growth of population.Size of India’s population and population growth rate $(1901$ to $2011)$

 

Analysis and conclusion:$1.$ The population grew at a slower rate between the first two decades i.e. $1901$ and $1921.$ In the first decade i.e. $1901-1911,$ it grew by $0.57\%$ where as in the second decade i.e. $1911-21$ it decreased by $0.03\% .$
The main reason for this fall was the high death-rate. India faced frequent famines during that decade which then led to several diseases like cholera, plague, tuberculosis, malaria and influenza. Several people died of these diseases and so our death-rate was high compared to birth-rate.
$2.$ We can see that apart from the year $1921,$ population has grown continuously in all the decades. Hence the year $1921$ was considered as the ‘Year of great divide’.
$3.$ The first five year plan started in India in $1951.$ At that time the population of India was $36.1$ crores. Within five decades it rose to $102.9$ crores. This means $66.6$ crore more people were added into Indian population by $2001.$
$4.$ Presently, every year the population of India increases by $170$ lakhs $($i.e. $1.7$ crore$)$ every year.
$5.$ China is the most populated country in the world with population of $134.10$ crores. India is the second most populated country of the world. In $1911,$ India’s population was $25.2$ crores and within one century, in $2011$ it rose to $121.02$ crores.

 

• Demographers forecasted that by the year $2000,$ India’s population will cross $100$ crore mark and it proved to be correct.

• The $1997$ World Development Report showed that India’s population was $93$ crores. According to the census of $2011,$ between $2011$ and $2025,$ population will grow to $139.98$ crores.