PART - 2 - Unit V : CH - 17 Locomotion and Movement — BIOLOGY STD 11 Science — Question

Give a brief account of viruses with respect to their structure and nature of genetic material. Also name four common viral diseases.

Write four differences between algae and fungi.

The fungi constitute a unique kingdom of heterotrophic organisms. They show a great diversity in morphology
and habitat. Fungi are cosmopolitan and occur in air, water, soil, and on animals and plants. They prefer to grow in warm and humid places. Most fungi are heterotrophic and absorb soluble organic matter from dead substrates and hence are called saprophytes. When a fungus reproduces sexually, two haploid hyphae of compatible mating types come together and fuse. In some fungi, the fusion of two haploid cells immediately results in diploid cells (2n). The fungiform fruiting bodies in which reduction division occurs, leading to the formation of haploid spores. Symbionts - in association with algae as lichens and with roots of higher plants as mycorrhiza. Three types of reproduction occur in fungi



i. Observe the given flow chart of reproduction and mention which steps involves in the sexual cycle of fungi.
(1)
ii. What is Rhizopus? Also, mention Rhizopus - wheat rush a correct match? (1)
iii. What is Mycorrhiza? And mention its function. (2)

OR

In which form Fungi Stores Food Material? Do fungi have food vacuoles? (2)

Alex used to go to vegetable market with his grandfather, a retired biology teacher. Grandfather told Alex that brinjal, chillies and tomato belong to the same family of plants and asked him to find out the similarity in these plants. Alex found that it's a large family, commonly called as the ' potato family'. Plants belonging to this family are mostly herbs, shrubs and rarely small trees. Many plants belonging to this family are source of food, spice, medicine, fumigatory, and ornamental.

(1).The name of this family is
(a) Solanaceae  (b) Fabaceae  (c) Liliaceae  (d) Brassica ear.

(2). Fruits of this family are known as
(a) Berry or capsule  (b) Legume  (c) Endosperm  (d) Cotyledon.

(3). Aestivation in calyx and corolla of this family is
(a) Valvate  (b) Imbricate  (c) Twisted  (d) Vexillary.

(4). Stamens of the flowers belonging to this family are mostly attached with petals.This condition is known as
(a) Epipetalous  (b) Epiphyllous  (c) Polyandrous  (d) Monoadelphous

(5). Medicinal plants belonging to this family are
(a) Belladonna, Ashwagandha
(b) Aloe, Asparagus
(c) Tobacco, Petunia
(d) Muliathi, Spice.

Match the following

	Column I		Column II
a.	Chlamydomonas	i.	Moss
b.	Cycas	ii.	Pteridophyte
c.	Selaginella	iii.	Algae
d.	Sphagnum	iv.	Gymnosperm

Illustrate the taxonomical hierarchy with suitable examples of a plant and an animal.

Lipids form a heterogeneous group but all are made up of carbon hydrogen and oxygen. These are insoluble in water and soluble in organic solvents like acetone, ether, alcohol etc. The number of oxygen atoms is very small compared to carbon atoms. They need a large amount of oxygen for their oxidation to release energy. They could be simple lipids, compound lipids, and derived lipids. Simple lipids are esters of fatty acid and alcohol. Compound lipids are formed when simple lipids combine with another compounds for example glycolipids, phospholipids and lipoproteins. Derived lipids are of various types and important example being steroids.

(1) Lipids mainly consist of
(a) Carbon only
(b) carbon hydrogen and nitrogen
(c) carbon hydrogen and oxygen
(d) Hydrogen only

(2) Among the given options non-polymeric molecule is
(a) Nucleic acids (b) proteins (c) Lipids (d) polysaccharides

(3) An example of unsaturated fatty acid is
(a) oleic acid (b) stearic acid (c) Linoleic acid (d) both a and c

(4) The number of carbon atoms as compared to oxygen atoms in lipids is
(a) same (b) much less (c) much more (d) none of these.

(5) Steroids are an example of
(a) derived lipids (b) conjugated lipids (c) simple lipids (d) lipo proteins

Make a labelled diagram of Funaria, Gametophyte and Sporophyte. Write any three differences between gymnosperms and angiosperms.

(i) Which factor is secreted due to increased blood flow in the atriums of the heart? Write one function of it.
(ii) Write any four differences in the urinary tract of men and women.

Write the names of four groups of bacteria on the basis of shape. Name any four diseases caused by bacteria and draw any two picture of bacteria.