British Rule india (1757 AD to 1857 AD) — Social Science STD 8 — Question
Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 8Social ScienceBritish Rule india (1757 AD to 1857 AD)3 Marks
Question
Write short note on : Permanent Settlement
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Answer
'Permanent Settlement' was intro duced in $1793\ AD$ during the time of Lord Cornwallis. According to 'Permanent Settlement': $(1)$ Landlords were land owners and were given the right to collect land revenue. They had to work as the agents of the government. $(2)$ The landlords had to pay $9$ parts of the revenue collected to the British and keep the 10th part as their remuneration for the work done. The farmers were exploited due to the 'Permanent Settlement Act, because farmers had to compulsorily pay the land revenue decided by the landlord. These landlords would practise atrocities on farmers to collect their revenue because landlords had to compulsorily deposit the amount fixed according to the deal in the coffers of the government. In spite of this 'Permanent Settlement' was partial to landlords. In the beginning landlords bore the brunt and paid the due revenue. The government confiscated the land of the landlords who were unable to do so. As time passed, landlords started buying land. As a result farmers became landless labourers. The government had no interest in the progress of agriculture or farmers.
Thus, farmers were exploited due to 'Permanent Settlement'. Bengal which was known as the 'store house' was rendered empty and impoverished. Due to dissatisfaction among farmers there were widespread revolts in Bengal.
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