Question
Write short note on: Stomata.
✓
Answer
- Stomata are tiny pores present on the surface of the leaves.
- Structure:
- Each stoma is a small pore, surrounded by two kidney shaped guard cells.
- The guard cells have few chloroplasts in their cytoplasm.
- Functions:
- $(1)$ Massive amounts of gaseous exchange take place in leaves through stomata for the purpose of photosynthesis.
- $(2)$ Large amount of water can also be lost through stomatal pores in the process of transpiration.
- Function of guard cells:
- The opening and closing of the stomatal pore is a function of guard cells.
- The guard cells swell when water flows into them, causing the stomatal pore to open.
- The pore closes if the guard cells shrink.
- Generally plant closes stomatal pores when it does not need carbon dioxide for photosynthesis or in a condition of water-stress.
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