11.6 Carboxylic Acid — Chemistry STD 10 — Question

What are the main applications of Avogadro's Law?

Mention the colour changes observed when the following indicators are added:

Solution	Acids	Alkalies
(a) Alkaline phenolphthalein solution (b) Methyl orange solution (c) Neutral litmus solution

(a) Which compound should be heated with soda lime to obtain ethane gas in the laboratory? Write an equation for the reaction.
(b) Write a balanced equation for the complete combustion of ethane.
(c) Name a solid which can be used instead of sulphuric acid to prepare ethylene by the dehydration of ethanol.

(a) With the help of equations, give an outline for the manufacture of sulphuric acid by the contact process.
(b) What property of sulphuric acid is shown by the reaction of concentrated sulphuric acid when heated with
(i) Potassium nitrate (ii) Carbon

In order to obtain ½ tonne of aluminium, the following inputs are required :
Bauxite (2 tonnes); sodium hydroxide (75 kg); graphite (300 kg).
The compound of aluminium in bauxite is aluminium oxide and the main impurity is iron (III) oxide. The aluminium is obtained by the electrolysis of aluminium oxide in dissolved cryolite.
(a) When bauxite is treated with sodium hydroxide solution, what happens to the :
(i) aluminium oxide (ii) iron (III) oxide
(b) (i) Name the process used for the purification of bauxite.
(ii) Write the action of heat on aluminium hydroxide.

Define a functional group and give the structural formula of the following functional group:
(a) Ketons
(b) Alcohols\
(c) Aldehydes

State one relevant observation for each of the following :
(i) Copper is heated with concentrated nitric acid in a hard glass test tube.
(ii) Ammonia gas is burnt in an atmosphere of excess of oxygen.
(iii) Concentrated nitric acid is reacted with sulphur.