During the full moon and new moon days, the sun, the moon and the earth are in the same line and the tides are highest. These tides are called spring tides.
When the water on the surface of the ocean rises and falls alternately, they are called waves. During a storm, the winds blowing at very high speed form huge waves. These may cause tremendous destruction.
Unlike the calm waters of ponds and lakes, ocean water keeps on moving continuously. It is never still. The movements that occur in the oceans can be broadly categorised as waves, tides and currents.
Temperature, density and salinity, storm, earthquake, a volcanic eruption or underwater landslides, gravitational pull exerted by the sun and the moon on the earth’s surface.
Our earth is like a terrarium. The same water that existed centuries ago still exists today. The water used to irrigate a field in Haryana may have flowed down the Amazon River a hundred years ago.
The rhythmic rise and fall of ocean water twice in a day is called a tide. The strong gravitational pull exerted by the sun and the moon on the earth’s surface causes the tides.
It is high tide when water covers much of the shore by rising to its highest level. It is low tide when water falls to its lowest level and recedes from the shore.