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Political Science 5 Marks Question

Legislature · CBSE STD 11 Humanities (CBSE - English Medium). 9 questions.

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5 Marks Question

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Question 15 Marks
Arrange the different stages of passing of a bill into a law in their correct sequence:
  • A resolution is passed to admit the bill for discussion.
  • The bill is referred to the President of India – write what happens next if she/ he does not sign it.
  • The bill is referred to other House and is passed.
  • The bill is passed in the house in which it was proposed.
  • The bill is read clause by clause and each is voted upon.
  • The bill is referred to the subcommittee – the committee makes some changes and sends it back to the house for discussion.
  • The concerned minister proposes the need for a bill.
  • Legislative department in ministry of law, drafts a bill.
Answer
  • The concerned minister proposes the need for a bill.
  • A resolution is passed to admit the bill for discussion.
  • Legislative department in ministry of law, drafts a bill.
  • The bill is referred to the subcommittee - the committee makes some changes and sends it back to the house for discussion.
  • The bill is read clause by clause and each is voted upon.
  • The bill is passed in the house in which it was proposed.
  • The bill is referred to other House and is passed.
  • The bill is referred to the President of India.
(Note: If the President does not sign the bill, it goes back to the Parliament for with recommendations for reconsideration and further discussion to make some changes).
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Question 25 Marks
Arif wanted to know that if ministers propose most of the important bills and if the majority party often gets the government bills passed, what is the role of the Parliament in the law making process? What answer would you give him?
Answer
  • Parliament is an important component of the law making process even though most of the important bills are proposed by ministers.
  • This is because the provisions of the proposed law are required to be debated and these debates can only be conducted in parliament. Various committees comprising of members of parliament study these bills and present their recommendations.
  • The opposition also participates in the framing of laws by suggesting changes and thus, it is necessary for legislative procedure to take place in parliament.
  • Differences between the Rajya Sabha and the Lok Sabha over proposed bills are only resolved through joint sitting of the two houses of parliament.
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Question 35 Marks
Alok thinks that a country needs an efficient government that looks after the welfare of the people. So, if we simply elected our Prime Minister and Ministers and left to them the task of government, we will not need a legislature. Do you agree? Give reasons for your answer.
Answer
  • I do not agree with Alok because leaving the whole task of government with Prime Minister and Ministers would hamper the essence of democracy.
  • Such a set up would reduce the representation of people in the government. The members of the legislature who do not represent the majority would not have the opportunity to present their point of view.
  • The decisions made by the cabinet would not be accountable as the ministers would not have to explain them to the legislature. Thus, the executive would become all-powerful.
  • The task of the legislature also includes law making. It is a complex process that requires the opinion of all sections of society. A legislature is required for this purpose.
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Question 45 Marks
Dolly and Sudha are debating about the efficiency and effectiveness of the Parliament in recent times. Dolly believed that the decline of Indian Parliament is evident in the less time spent on debate and discussion and increase in the disturbances of the functioning of the House and walkouts etc. Sudha contends that the fall of different governments on the floor of Lok Sabha is a proof of its vibrancy. What other arguments can you provide to support or oppose the positions of Dolly and Sudha?
Answer
  1. On the live telecast of proceedings of the parliament, the members fight bitterly, which create wastage of nation’s time and fund. Some of the members who do not fulfil their duty honestly, create uproars in the house.
  2. Dolly views the decline of Parliament because less time is spent in discussions and disturbances are decreased in an unpar liamentarily methods.
  3. The party leaders should restrain own party members from creating such disturbances in the proceedings.
  4. The presiding officers should take effective action on these misbehaviours as well as members should be made educated to the constructive behaviour.
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Question 55 Marks
A class was debating the merits of a bicameral system. The following points were made during the discussion. Read the arguments and say if you agree or disagree with each of them, giving reasons.
  • Neha said that bicameral legislature does not serve any purpose.
  • Shama argued that experts should be nominated in the second chamber.
  • Tridib said that if a country is not a federation, then there is no need to have a second chamber.
Answer
  • The statement presented by Neha does not hold true because India is a large country, two houses are preferred to give due representations to all the sections of the society as well as monopoly of either the chamber can be approached as check and balance.
  • The president of India can nominate 12 members in the Rajya Sabha. The nominations are made from among those persons who have made significant contributions in the field of literature, art, social services, science, etc.
  • Even if a country is not a federation, a need for the second chamber is there. The two houses of the national legislature are required to give representations to all the sections of the society and to give representations to all geographical regions or parts of the country. A bicameral legislature ensures double check on every bill and every policy matter, thus realising the exact purpose of the legislative organ of the government.
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Question 65 Marks
Which of the following statements you agree with the most? Give your reasons.
  • Legislators must be free to join any party they want.
  • Anti-defection law has contributed to the domination of the party leaders over the legislators.
  • Defection is always for selfish purposes and therefore, a legislator who wants to join another party must be disqualified from being a minister for the next two years.
Answer
  • Legislators should not be free to join any party they want as this would encourage corrupt practices particularly at the time of confidence motions. While in theory, they should be free to leave the party they do not want to be with, there should be certain restrictions outlining the conditions under which they are allowed to join another party.
  • It is incorrect that anti-defection law has led to domination of party leaders over legislators. The legislators are allowed to defect as long as they have the support of a minimum number of members from their own party.
  • Defection may not be always for selfish purposes. However, a legislator who wishes to join another party must seek re-election from his/ her constituency before being eligible for ministerial posts. A period of two years of disqualification is therefore, appropriate in this situation.
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Question 75 Marks
How has the system of parliamentary committee affected the overseeing and appraisal of legislation by the Parliament?
Answer
  • The system of parliamentary committee has influenced the overseeing and appraisal of legislation by the Parliament as most of decisions regarding the technical points of legislation are referred to these committees. The Parliament rarely rejects any of the suggestions made by the committee.
  • There are twenty Standing Committees related to various departments that work on the issues related to budget and its expenditure related to their respective departments. These committees also supervise the bills related to their department that come in the house. The Joint Parliamentary Committees investigate financial irregularities.
  • Thus, parliamentary committees have reduced the burden on the legislature and saved time as the Parliament meets only for a limited time during its sessions. However, on most occasions, the Parliament makes only minor alterations to the draft of the bills while approving them. This has diluted the Parliament’s appraisal of legislations to a large extent.
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Question 85 Marks
The following are some proposals for making the Parliament more effective. State if you agree or disagree with each of them and give your reasons. Explain what would be the effect if these suggestions were accepted.
  1. Parliament should work for longer period.
  2. Attendance should be made compulsory for members of Parliament.
  3. Speakers should be empowered to penalise members for interrupting the proceedings of the House.
Answer
  1. Yes, the Parliament should work for longer period:
The parliament is supposed to ensure a responsible government but in the absence of proper time as well as boycott of sessions and oppositions delay the important bills also remain pending for longer period. Hence, the parliament should work for some longer duration to control the executives through debate, discussions and censures to avoid pendency of bills.
  1. Yes, the attendance should be made compulsory for members of Parliament:
  • The proceedings of the house get suspended due to lack of quorum.
  • Money bills delays for a longer period.
  • It shows an injustice towards the people who have elected them and whatever the constituencies are being represented by them.
  1. Yes, the speakers should be empowered to penalise members for interrupting the proceedings of the house because:
  • A speaker of Lok Sabha is a presiding officer to regulate the business of the House.
  • Nowadays, some members create noisy uproars and disturb the proceedings of the house.
  • Sometimes, members create so much discomfort to compel the speaker to adjourn the house.
  • The precious time of the house is wasted and not utilised in the constructive debates.
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Question 95 Marks
Rather than effective control of the executive, the Lok Sabha is a platform for the expression of popular sentiments and people’s expectations. Do you agree? Give reasons.
Answer
  • I do not agree with the statement that the Lok Sabha is only a platform for the expression of popular sentiments and people’s expectations.
  • The members of the legislature are free to express their views and no action can be taken against any member for anything said inside the house.
  • The main purpose of this parliamentary privilege is to enable the members to work for the people effectively as well as control the executive.
  • While the Lok Sabha does provide an opportunity for elected representatives to express the expectations of their constituents, its powers are much more wide ranging.
  • The Lok Sabha holds the Union Cabinet accountable for its decisions. It has the power to make laws, control finances and amend the Constitution.
  • The Council of Ministers continues in office only as long as it enjoys the confidence of the Lok Sabha.
  • Therefore, Lok Sabha functions as an effective control of the executive.
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5 Marks Question - Political Science STD 11 Humanities Questions - Vidyadip