5 Marks Question

Question 15 Marks

Use of violence does not achieve just ends in the long run. What do you think about this statement?

Answer

Use of violence does not achieve just ends in the long run as violence tends to become out of control and causes a trail of death and destruction.
Violence involved in forcefully removing oppressors, liberation struggle and self-defence is often justified.
However, the removal of oppressors by the oppressed class through violent struggle leads to another cycle of violence fuelled by a feeling for revenge.
According to Mahatma Gandhi when violence is done for good, the good is temporary and the evil it does is permanent as violence breeds hatred and resentment and divides people instead of uniting them.

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Question 25 Marks

Peace can be best realised when there is freedom, equality and justice. Do you agree?

Answer

It is correct that peace can best be realised in the presence of freedom, equality and justice. Freedom in the society allows people to express themselves freely, while equality and justice help in removing the grounds for conflict.
Every person and group will be able to fulfil their basic needs in societies where equality prevails.
Justice ensures the prevention of oppression of individuals and groups based on class, gender, etc.
Thus, freedom for all, along with equality and justice addressing the aspirations of all individuals and groups help in removing insecurities that breed resentment among groups and cause conflicts.

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Question 35 Marks

Differentiate between the major approaches, discussed in the chapter, to the establishment of peace in the world.

Answer

First Approach:

Different strategies have been used for the pursuit and maintenance of peace. These have been shaped by three distinct approaches.
The first approach with centrally to the states, respects their sovereignty and treats competition among them as a fact of life.
Its chief concern is with the proper management of this competition and with the containment of possible conflict through interstate arrangements like balance of power.
Such a balance is said to have prevailed in the 19th century when the major European countries turned their struggle for power by forming alliances that deferred potential aggressors and checked the outbreak of a great war.
The second approach too grants the deep rooted nature of interstate rivalry. But it stresses the positive presence and possibilities of interdependence.

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Question 45 Marks

A State must protect the lives and rights of its citizens. However, at times its own actions are a source of violence against some of its citizens. Comment with the help of some examples.

Answer

Human beings created state for one’s own protection of honour and property.
State maintains law and order.
State protects the rights of its citizens by providing them a constitution, laws, police, judiciary and armed forces.
State make efforts to end any type of violence created by social injustice and inequality based discriminations like untouchability, etc.
A state should avoid those actions which may be source of violence against some particular groups.

Some examples are:

In 1984, a huge massacre of nearly 4,000 Sikhs took place in Delhi and the government could do nothing and even today, the victims feel that the guilty were not punished.
Khalistan movement also forced Hindus to leave Punjab, Haryana and Delhi and Sikhs were forced to move to Punjab. Similarly, Hindu Kashmiri Pandits and Sikhs were also forced to leave Kashmir valley. And they could not return their home.
Several Hindus and Muslims were massacred in Gujarat in 2002 and still today these members could not go back to the villages in which they lived.
During the communist rule in USSR, people faced violence not to like the authoritarian policies of state.

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Political Science 5 Marks Question

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