Civics Ch - 5 Understanding Marginalisation Social Studies - Civics Ch - 5 Understanding Marginalisation

Stereotyping particular communities can lead to people discriminating against such groups.

Which one of the following statements is correct?
I. Adivasis practice a range of tribal religions that are different from Islam, Hinduism and Christianity.
II. Adivasi societies are often less hierarchical than communities organised around principles of jati-varna (caste) or those that were ruled by the king.

Identify the correct option through the following description.
I. It refers to a fixed belief about a group of people based on generalisation.
II. It disregards the individual charateristics.

Recently, the Minister of Culture, Tourism and Development of the North-Eastern Region in Rajya Sabha has pointed out various schemes and programmes that are introduced by the government with an aim of protecting, preserving, and promoting the country's tribal cultural heritage.
Source: Times of India
Which of the following issues are faced by the Tribes in India? Choose the correct options.
I. One of the most significant issues faced by tribal communities is the lack of secure land rights.
II. Tribal populations often experience socio-economic marginalisation, including poverty and lack of access to quality education and healthcare.
III. Rapid urbanisation and modernisation can lead to the erosion of tribal cultures, languages and traditional practices.

Poonam, a girl from Jharkhand belongs to the Santhal tribal community. Recently she along with her family was forced to migrate to a new city after a company bought their land for setting up an oil refinery.
Which of the following will likely be experienced by Poonam's family?

Assertion (A) Forests are important for the environment.
Reason (R) Forests help to clean the air and water and they provide habitats for many different plants and animals.

Assertion (A) Adivasi have a strong connection to the land.
Reason (R) Adivasis traditionally rely on the land for their livelihood and believe that the land is sacred.

Dalits in India are a marginalised community.

Literacy rates among tribals are very low.

Adivasi languages are influenced by mainstream Indian languages.

Many tribal children are well-nourished.

Adivasis are exotic, primitive and backward.

_______________ have been cleared to get land for agriculture and industry.

45 per cent of tribal groups in rural areas and 35 per cent in urban areas live below the _______________ line.

The tribal language _______________ has the highest number of speakers.

According to official figures, more than 50 per cent of persons displaced due to mining projects are _______________ .

Read the data related to schooling provided by the Sachar Committee Report:
25 per cent of Muslim children in the 6-14 years age group have either never been enrolled in school or have dropped out. This percentage is much higher than that of any other socio-religious community.
Do you think special measures are required to address this situation?

Study the following data
Public Employment of Muslims (percentages)

Population	IAS	IPS	IFS	Central Public Sector Unit (PSU)	State PSU	Banks and RBI
13.5	3	4	1.8	3.3	10.8	2.2

Source- Social, Economic and Educational Status of the Muslim Community of India, Prime Minister's high level committee report 2006.
What do these figure convey?

Study the following data
Literacy Rate by Religion, 2011 (Percentages)

All	74
Hindus	63
Muslims	57
Christians	74
Sikhs	67
Buddhists	71
Jains	86

Source - Census of India, 2011
Which of these communities have the highest and the lowest literacy rate ?

Study the following data.
Access to Basic Amenities, 2008-2009

Religious community	Pucca house	Electricity	Tap water
Hindu	65.4	75.2	43.7
Muslim	63.8	67.5	35.8
Christian	69.3	86.2	48.0
Sikh	91.3	96.0	49.3

Source- India Human Development Report, 2011 Towards social inclusion, Oxford University Press for Institute of Applied Manpower Research, Planning Commission, Government of India, New Delhi.
Which of these communities have the most and the least access to basic amenities?

Why do we need safeguards for minorities?

What metals are important in present-day India? Why? Where do they come from? Are there Adivasi populations there?

(i) Can you name some Adivasi communities that live in your state?
(ii) What languages do they speak?
(iii) Do they live close to the forest?
(iv) Do they migrate to other regions looking for work?

Would you agree with the statement that economic marginalisation and social marginalisation are Interlinked? Why?

In the storyboard you read about how Helen hopes to make a movie on the Adivasis story. Can you help her by developing a short story on Adivasis?

Imagine that you are watching the Republic Day parade on TV with a friend and she remarks, "Look at these tribals. They look so exotic. And they seem to be dancing all the time." List three things that you would tell her about the lives of Adivasis In India.

By whom were the following demands being made on forest land?
(i) Timber for construction of houses and railways.
(ii) Forest land for mining.
(iii) Forest land for agriculture by non-tribal people.
(iv) Reserved by government as wildlife parks.
(v) In what ways would this affect tribal people?

What are the main challenges faced by the Muslim community in India?

"Adivasis use around 10.000 plant species approximately 8,000 species are used for medicinal purpose: 325 are used as pesticides; 425 as gums, resins and dyes; 550 as fibres; 3,500 are edible. This entire knowledge system gets wiped out when Adivasis lose their forest lands."
(i) What does the above paragraph tells about the Adivasis?
(ii) What causes led to the loss of forest land of the Adivasis?

Why was the Sachar committee set up? What did it suggests?

According to the 2011 Census, what percentage of India's population is Muslim, and why are they considered a marginalised community?

Explain how economic, social, cultural and political factors work together to make certain groups in society feel marginalised?

Explain the concepts of minorities and marginalisation in detail.

Destruction in one sphere naturally impacts the other. Often this process of dispossession and displacement can be painful and violent. How does the Adivasis' life affected due to their displacement? Explain.

"Marginalised groups feel disadvantaged and powerless compared to wealthier, educated, and politically powerful sections of society.
Marginalisation encompasses economic, social, cultural, and political dimensions, reinforcing their sense of exclusion."
Who are marginalised groups in India? Discuss.

Write a short note on Adivasis.

Read the given passage below and answer the questions that follow
In India, we usually 'showcase' Adivasi communities in particular ways. Thus, during school functions or other official events or in books and movies, Adivasi areinvariably portrayed in very stereotypical ways in colourful costumes, headgear and through their dancing. Besides this, we seem to know very little about the realities of their lives. This often wrongly leads to people believing that they are exotic, primitive and backward. Often Adivasi's are blamed for their lack of advancement as they are believed to be resistant to change or new ideas.
Q. 1. Which of the following options correctly describes the portrayal of the tribal communities during public events?
(a) In modern clothing and lifestyles
(b) In traditional costumes and headgear, often dancing
(c) Through high-tech gadgets and technology
(d) As urban professionals
Q. 2. What misconception can arise from the stereotypical portrayal of Adivasis?
(a) They are highly advanced and urbanised.
(b) They are the most educated group in India.
(c) They are responsible for India's economic growth.
(d) They are exotic, primitive, and backward
Q. 3 Which of the following is a stereotype related to the Adivasi community?
(a) They are highly receptive to change.
(b) They are given too many opportunities.
(c) They are resistant to change or new ideas.
(d) They have access to modern technology.
Q. 4. Which of the following is not a stereotypical way in which Adivasi are portrayed in India?
(a) In colourful costumes, headgear and through their dancing
(b) Intelligent and progressive
(c) Exotic, primitive, and backward
(d) Being resistant to change or new ideas