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Information Technology [5 marks Questions]

Computer Software · CBSE STD 9 (CBSE - English Medium). 3 questions.

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[5 marks Questions]

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Question 15 Marks
What are the generations of languages. Explain them.
Answer
  • The first generation languages or 1GLs are low level languages like machine language.
    It is the only language understood by the computers. Sometimes, it referred to as machine code or object code or binary language. It is a collection of binary digits (0 or 1) or bits that the computer reads and interprets.
  • The second generation languages or 2GLs are also low level languages that generally consist of assembly language.
    It is a low level programming language, which is used as an interface with computer hardwares. It uses structured commands as substitutions for numbers, allowing humans to read the code easier than looking at binary codes.
  • The third generation languages or 3GLs are high level languages such as C.
    It is an advanced computer programming language that is not limited to one computer, designed for a specific job and is easier to understand. The main advantage of high level languages over low level languages is that they are easier to read, write and understand, e.g. BASIC, C, FORTRAN, Java and Pascal.
  • The fourth generation languages or 4GLs are the languages that consists of statements similar to the statements of human language. 4GLs are commonly used in database programming and scripting programming.
  • The fifth generation languages or 5GLs are programming languages that contains visual tools, which helps to develop a program. A good example of 5GLS is Visual Basic.
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Question 25 Marks
Explain any five specific purpose application softwares.
Answer
  1. Hotel Management System
    It refers to the management techniques used in the hotel sector. It includes hotel administration, accounts, billing marketing, housekeeping, front office or front desk, e.g. Hotelogix PMS, Djubo, True Hotel Management, Aatithya HMS etc.
  2. Payroll Management System
    It is used by all modern organisations to encompass every employee of the organisation, who receives regular wages or other compensation.
    All different payment methods are calculated by the payroll software and the appropriate paychecks are issued. This software can also be used for printing or E-mailing the salary slip of employees, e.g. Namely, UltiPro etc.
  3. HR Management System
    It refers to the systems and processes at the intersection between Human Resource Management (HRM) and Information Technology (IT). The function of HR department is generally administrative and common in all organisations.
    e.g. Effective Staff, Cezanne HR etc.
  4. Attendance System
    It is an application software designed to track and optimise the presence of a person/student in an organisation/school. Now-a-days, attendance system can be integrated with customer’s existing time/ attendance recording devices like Biometrics/Access cards. Attendance management can be done in two ways as follows:
    • Biometric integration
    • Manual attendance integration
      e.g. eTimeTrackLite, Pyramid PTR 4000 etc.
  5. Billing System
    It refers to the software that is used to’ perform the billing process. It handles the tracking of labelled products and services delivered to a customer or set of customers.
    e.g. Billing Manager, BillingTracker, kBilling etc.
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Question 35 Marks
Describe utility software and also define its types.
Answer
It is a system software designed to help in management and tuning of operating systems, computer hardwares and different application softwares.
A single piece of utility software is usually called a utility or a tool. Utilities are those application programs that assist the computer by performing house-keeping functions like backing up disk or scanning/cleaning viruses.
A utility program carries out some of the common tasks, while using a computer system. Utility software is also known as service program, service tool or utility routine. It differs from applications mostly in terms of size, complexity and function. Utility programs are bundled with operating systems. However, these programs are also available in a separate package and that’s why they are sometimes considered separate from system software.
Utilities include Disk Compression, Backup, Virus Protection Utilities (Antivirus), Disk Defragmentation Utilities etc.
  • Disk Compression
    It is a utility software which perform the task of emphasis on the drive, so that more space is available for additional data to be stored.
  • Backup
    It can make copy of all information stored on a disk and restore either the entire disk files (e.g. an event of disk failure) or selected files (e.g. an event of accidental deletion) on the user defined storage.
  • Disk Defragmenter
    It can detect computer files, whose contents are broken across several locations on the hard disk and move these fragments in a particular location to increase storage efficiency.
  • Disk Checker and Disk Cleaner
    Disk Checker is a fully-featured disk diagnostics and repairing tool with backup ability.
  • Disk Partition Tool
    It is an utility tool which can divide an individual drive into multiple logical drives, each with its own file system which can be mounted by the operating system and treated as an individual drive.
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