Explanation:
Oparin predicted that cells originated from cell like aggregates of biomolecules formed in hot dilute soup in primitive earth. These early aggregates were called Coacervates.
Explanation:
p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1 is the Hardy-Weinberg principle and according to this principle the equilibrium is established between frequencies of allele in random mating population and these gene frequency remain constant from generation to generation.
Here, p represents the frequency of the "A" allele and q is the frequency of the "a" allele in the population.
Thus, p2 represents the frequency of the homozygous dominant AA, q2 represents the frequency of the homozygous recessive aa, and 2pq represents the frequency of the heterozygous Aa.
Further, it also states that the sum of the allele frequencies for all the alleles at the locus should be 1, so p + q = 1.
According to the question, the genotype frequency of A1 allele = q = 0. Since p + q = 1; thus the frequency of A2 allele or p will be p = 1 - q; p = 1 - 0 = 1.
Thus, the abundance of A2 allele will be 1.
Explanation:
Protobionts are prebiotic chemical aggregates having one or more properties of living systems. Process of aggregation of organic molecules is called coacervation. It produced three types of protobionts - coacervates, microspheres and vesicles. Coacervates are reversible emulsoid aggregates consisting of protein and polysaccharide with some water.
Explanation:
The theory of evolution states that the organism change gradually in order to adapt easily to the environment. The process by which an organism changes its heritable characteristics for better adjustment to the environment is known as evolution.
Man and apes had common ancestors known as chimpanzees. The chimpanzees during the course of evolution underwent changes and formed a more complex organism like man and apes. They share common mutation rates.
Explanation:
Human races are subdivisions of a single species, therefore they are capable of interbreeding.
Explanation:
The Cro-Magnon man was considered as carnivorous. The fossil evidences in the form of skull and other bones indicate that the early humans were hunters and gatherers who relied on what was available in their immediate environment. So, they made use of the animals for food, clothing and the bones were used for making ornaments, weapons, tools, etc.
Explanation:
Abiogenesis of primitive polypeptides, the pro-proteins, in primitive sea was followed by formation of large spherical colloidal aggregates of proteins that remain suspended as droplets in sea water. It was driven by dehydration/opposite charge attraction. The hydrophilic amino acids attracted water molecules and led to formation of a water envelop around each aggregate.
Aggregation of fat/lipid molecules formed a coating membrane around each aggregate to hold the colloidal particles together thereby facilitating chemical reactions among them. A protobiont/eobiont/protocell is defined as aggregate of abiotically produced organic molecules surrounded by non-unit membrane.
Thus, the above mentioned colloidal aggregate is protobiont/eobiont/protocell. It is called so because of its role as progenitor of first life form, the prokaryotic bacteria like cell.
Explanation:
In evolutionary biology, adaptive radiation is a process in which organisms diversify rapidly into a multitude of new forms, particularly when a change in the environment makes new resources available, creates new challenges and opens environmental niches.
Adaptive radiation occurs in sexually reproducing population to create multitude new forms and not in predator free area, small and isolated populations and flightless and asexually reproducing populations.
Explanation:
Proterozoic era is the time when life came on earth and there were evidences of life on earth, this includes the formation of cellular structures and less complex organisms.
Explanation:
The first animals to evolve flight were insects. The earliest fossil insects with wings are dragonfly-like animals from the Carboniferous, but there are some very fragmentary insect remains from Devonian rocks in Scotland.
The fossils tell that the flight first evolved in insects approximately 410 million years ago.
Explanation:
p = 0.6
q = 1 - 0.6 = 0.4
q2 = 0.16
then in 6000 individuals
$\frac{16}{100}\times6000=960$
Explanation:
The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is a principle stating that the genetic variation in a population will remain constant from one generation to the next in the absence of disturbing factors.
Hence, Hardy-Weinberg law has initiated the formation of population genetics and associated evolutionary studies.
So, the correct answer is 'Hardy-Weinberg law'.
Explanation:
The Hardy–Weinberg principle states that allele and genotype frequencies in a population will remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of other evolutionary influences.
It operates in the absence of mutation, natural selection, and recombination.
Explanation:
Cro-Magnon man was the direct ancestor of modern man and were physically indistinguishable from modern races of human.
Explanation:
Wings of pigeon, mosquito, and bat perform the same function (flying) but have evolved from separate ancestral populations.
This similarity developed in distantly related groups as an adaptation for the same function is called convergent evolution.
Explanation:
Archaeopteryx, intermediate between reptiles and birds, originated towards the close of Jurassic period.
Explanation:
Oldest hominid belongs to the genus Ardipithecus of family Australopithecine, which lived in Eastern Africa more than 5 mya.
Explanation:
Homologous structures are similar because they have been inherited from a common ancestor, e.g., forelimbs of dog and camel, have both evolved from a common ancestral mammal but have different functions.
Gulls belong to aves where the forelimbs are modified into wings which help them to fly while forelimbs of the dog help to run.
(p + q)2 = p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1 represents an equation used in population genetics.
Above equation is known as Hardy-Weinberg principle in which
p2 - Dominant homozygous
2pq - Heterozygous
q2 - Recessive homozygous.
For a long time it was also believed that life came out of decaying and rotting matter like straw, mud, etc.
According to theory of abiogenesis, life originates from non-living.
Explanation:
The universe is very old and originated about 20 billion years ago according to Big Bang theory. The universe is the cluster of galaxies which contain stars and clouds of gas and dust.
Explanation:
The first human fossil probably belonged to Zinjanthropus. It is an extinct hominin postulated from a skull found in Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania, in 1959 and originally designated Zinjanthropus boisei by Louis S.B. Leakey.
It was later renamed Paranthropus boisei. It lived in Eastern Africa during the Pleistocene epoch from about 2.3 until about 1.2 million years ago. The brain had a small capacity of 500-550cc.
Explanation:
The Mesozoic era is the age of the dinosaurs and lasted almost 180 million years from approximately 250 to 65 million years ago. This era includes 3 well known periods, called the Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous periods. A mass-extinction marked the beginning and end of the Mesozoic era.
The event that caused the transition from the Paleozoic era to the Mesozoic era was the greatest extinction this earth has seen. This extinction wiped out about 95% of all marine life and 70% of land-life. This allowed the dinosaurs to step in and settle into their role as the lords of the earth.
The era ended with "The Great Extinction", which marked the end of the dinosaurs as the Cenozoic era began. So, mesozoic era is associated with the mass extinction of dinosaurs.
Most of the primitive organisms live in water, while most of the complex organisms live on land. This shows that evolution of life progressed from water to land.