Social Science 2 Marks Each

. Republic means a nation in which power is in the hands of the people. In it, the representatives elected by the people, run the administration of the country. The position of the President of the country is not hereditary. but he is directly and indirectly elected by the people through voting. In the system of republican any citizen can contest the election without distinction of religion, caste or gender.

Democracy is defined as: "Democracy means rule of the people, by the people and for the people." In a democracy, elections are usually held every five years. In a democracy, the government made up of elected representatives runs the state administration on the basis of the public opinion and in terms of public interest. The elected representatives who run the country are accountable to the people for five years. Therefore, democracy is also called responsible state system.

A systematic compilation of written rules based on specific principles, aims and ideals for the smooth running of the country is called 'Constitution'. The Constitution should be formed by the representatives elected or selected by the people. The Constitution is considered as the sacred document (text) of the country.

If the Constitution of India had not been written, any person could have interfered with the administration of the country in his own way and spread anarchy.

The limitation that the Constitution places on the practise of fundamental rights is: No one can practise his/her fundamental rights by hurting the interests of any other person, community or the nation.

The implementation of fundamental rights can be deferred for a limited time period under the specific circumstances like emergencies.

Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar has referred the Right to Constitutional Remedies as the Soul of the Constitution'.

The Constitution of India has given the Right to Constitutional Remedies guaranteeing the implementation of fundamental rights to all citizens. Therefore, if any citizen who feels deprived of his fundamental rights, can go to the court for protection.

By Cultural and Educational Right, every citizen is given freedom to conserve, maintain and develop his/her own language, dialects, traditions, ideas, values, etc.

By the Right to Religious Freedom, every citizen is free to follow and propagate any religion which is not against morality and health.

By the fundamental right to protest against exploitation, it is prohibited by law from employing children below 14 years of age. Therefore, the child labour is considered a punishable offence.

The Constitution has given Fundamental Right to the citizens to Protest against Exploitation with the aim of the formation of a society free from exploitation where no one gets exploited by others.

By the Right to Freedom, citizens of India are free to express their ideas and also free to travel, reside and pursue business for livelihood in any part of the country.

In terms of law, equality means no one should be discriminated on the basis of religion. caste, gender and colour as well as all citizens should be given equal opportunities according to their merit/competence.

Fundamental Rights are essential for the stability of the nation and the protection of individual freedom as well as protection against dictatorship.

The Constitution has given Fundamental Rights to all citizens. However, citizens are also given Fundamental Duties to ensure that those rights do not hurt other citizens as well as all citizens participate in the development of the nation.

Although India has many geographical, social and local diversities in the world, the Constitution was formed to give equal opportunity to all the people of the country as well as run the country efficiently. Every independent nation has its own Constitution.

India is a secular country. Secularism means that the country is not run on the basis of ideology or beliefs of any sect or religion. No discrimination is made or practised on the basis of sect or community. The Constitution of India has provided assurance of certain sect or religion related to freedom to each citizen of India. On its basis, citizens have freedom to follow and propagate their religion and beliefs. No one can unnecessarily interfere with it. The Government of India remains impartial and neutral in matters of religion as per the provisions of the Constitution.

Republic means a nation in which power is in the hands of the people. In it, the representatives elected by the people, run the administration of the country. The position of the President of the country is not hereditary, but he is directly and indirectly elected by the people through voting. In the system of republican democracy, any citizen can contest the election without distinction of religion, caste or gender.

Democracy is defined as: "Democracy means rule of the people, by the people and for the people." In a democracy, elections are usually held every five years. In a democracy, the government made up of elected representatives runs the state administration on the basis of the public opinion and in terms of public interest. The elected representatives who run the country are accountable to the people for five years. Therefore, democracy is also called responsible state system.

Preamble means introduction. The Constitution of India begins with the Preamble. The basic principles and aims of the administration of our country are mentioned in the Preamble. The Preamble represents the core of the whole Constitution. The Preamble becomes a guide in forming, thoroughly understanding and interpreting any law. The Preamble becomes helpful in interpreting any article, point or word of the Constitution. The Preamble resembles to compass in understanding provisions of Constitution.

A systematic compilation of written rules based on specific principles, aims and ideals for the smooth running of the country is called 'Constitution'. The Constitution should be formed by the representatives elected or selected by the people. The Constitution is considered as the document (text) of the country.

Fundamental rights are necessary for the overall development of a citizen. A citizen is not separate from the society or state. Fundamental Rights can be practised only by keeping the public interest and security of the state in mind. Therefore, the implementation of fundamental rights can be deferred for a limited time period under specific circumstances.

The Constitution has given this right with the main aim of the formation of a society free from exploitation where no one gets exploited by others. According to this right, it is prohibited by law from exploiting children below 14 years of age. Child labour is considered a punishable offence. This right protects every citizen against exploitation in any field. That means, it gives the right to oppose exploitation. This right acknowledges and protects the dignity of the individual.

The Constitution of India gives all citizens the Right to Constitutional Remedies to guarantee the implementation of fundamental rights. Therefore. if a citizen is deprived of his fundamental rights, he can go to the court for protection. According to Babasaheb Ambedkar. The provision of Constitutional remedies is equal to the very 'Soul of the Constitution'.

Rights and duties are complementary. If we think of certain rights then we have to think of the duties associated with those rights. There is no duty without right; and where there is no right, there is no duty. One person's right becomes another person's duty. In order to enjoy each right, every duty has to be fulfilled. When a citizen enjoys his rights. It becomes his duty to uphold the rights of others. It is our duty to walk on the left side of the road. just as others have the right to walk on that road easily and safely. From this it is clear that without right there is no duty and without duty there is no right. Rights and duties are closely connected with each other. They are the two sides of the same coin.

India is a republic country. A republic is a country which is run by its own people, who are elected directly or indirectly. The head of the state is not decided by inheritance. as it happens in monarchy. but elected through indirect voting. In the system of republic, all positions from Panchayat to Parliament are open to all citizens irrespective of religion. caste or gender. The people of India have the sovereign power to form a new government by overthrowing any government through elections. Thus. India is a republic country.

India is a secular country. Secularism means that the country is not run on the basis of ideology or beliefs of any sect or religion. No discrimination is made or practised on the basis of sect or community. The Constitution of India has provided assurance of certain sect or religion related to freedom to each citizen of India. On its basis, citizens have freedom to follow and propagate their religion and beliefs. No one can unnecessarily interfere with it. The Government of India remains impartial and neutral in matters of religion as per the provisions of the Constitution.

The implementation of fundamental rights can be deferred for a limited time-period under the specific circumstances like emergencies.

The freedom to follow and propagate own religion and beliefs is given to every citizen in the Constitution.

Secular country means that the ruling system of the country is not run on the basis of ideology or beliefs of any sect or religion. No discrimination is made or practised on the basis of sect or community.

The Constitution starts with the the Preamble - Introduction. The basic principles and the aims of the administration of our country ive are mentioned in the Preamble.

On the eve of the Constitution Day, the Parliament House and the Rashtrapati Bhavan in Delhi are illuminated with colourful lights. Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar is particularly remembered on this day for his great contribution in the It shaping of the Indian Constitution.