Social Science 2 Marks Each

There is an excessive use of resources due to increasing population and extraordinary development in science and technology, there has been a shortage of certain resources. It will be difficult to maintain today's progress and the modern lifestyle of human in the absence of the resources. It has become inevitable to conserve the resources so that their shortage does not occur in the future. For that, the use of the resources should be well-planned, economical and rational.

(1) Rain is the main source of water supply in India, which is irregular and uncertain in many areas. This is the main reason why regions with scanty rainfall face water crisis frequently.
(2) There has been an explosive increase in population in last five decades in India. Water crisis in India increases consistently due to factors like increase in cultivation for grains and cash crops for increasing population. growing urbanization, modern lifestyle, deforestation, etc..

Man has created civilization in the world. So man himself is a powerful resource. He. through his knowledge and skill, uses various natural elements as the resources. Thus a man is both a creator as well as the user of the resources. In this process, man selects the best elements from the natural elements according to his intelligence. Man can use natural resources to his best only when he has the proper skill. ability, knowledge or technology. Education and health services make man a special resource. That process of human a resource is called 'Human Resource Development".

Those resources which are rarely available at one or two places all over the world are called Uniquelities Resources, eg cryolite. It is available in Greenland of Europe only

Those resources which are available from limited places only are called Rare Resources eg coal, crude oil. natural gas, various minerals,etc .

Those resources which are generally easily available are called Common Resources: eg. land. water, vegetation, etc.

Those resources which are available everywhere with ease are called Ubiquitous Resources eg, the useful gases like oxygen and nitrogen present in the atmosphere.

When a human processes change the basic characteristics of the natural elements with the help of his knowledge and skill and modifies to make usable are called 'Human made Resources'. Cement. electricity, buildings, roads, bridges. terraced farms, multi-purpose projects, tunnels, technology, etc. are Human made Resources.

Those elements which are obtained in nature and which can be used without much processing are called 'Natural Resources' Air. water, land, minerals, energy resources. etc are natural resources. All the elements in the environment that are suitable for human use are natural.

Resources are the foundation for the economic growth and development of human society. Our needs or the necessities are satisfied through the resources. When a human uses his capacities or skills to utilise the natural elements for satisfying his needs, they are called resources. Utility is a characteristics of resources.

As an alternative to the traditional energy resources, the use of energy resources like solar energy. wind energy, tidal energy, geothermal energy, etc. should be considered.

To solve the severe shortage, the rain water (storm water) should be preserved by constructing check dams. Besides, khet talavdi (a pond in the farm) should be constructed to conserve the rainwater.

To maintain the balance among the wildlife, the hunting should be stopped by enacting stringent laws and they should be implemented very strictly.

The pesticides in agriculture pollute soil and the sources of water. So as an alternative. bio-pesticides should be used in farms instead of pesticides.

Education and health services make man a specific type of resource. This process of making human a resource is called Human Resource Development.

When a human processes change the basic characteristics of the natural elements with the help of his knowledge and skill and modifies to make usable are called 'Human made Resources' Cement, electricity, buildings roads. bridges terraced farms. multi-purpose projects. tunnels, technology, etc. are Human made Resources.

As an alternative to the traditional energy resources, the use of energy resources like solar energy, wind energy, tidal energy, geothermal energy, etc. should be considered.

To solve the severe shortage, the rain water (storm water) should be preserved by constructing check dams. Besides, khet talavdi (a pond in the farm) should be constructed to conserve the rainwater.

Drip irrigation system should be implemented so that the productivity of the soil is not reduced.

Excessive irrigation reduces the productivity of the soil.

Natural dung (manure) should be used in place of chemical fertilizers in agriculture.

By using chemical fertilizers for a long period, the quality of the soil is reduced.