What does the symbol of the Lady of Justice indicate?
Answer
The Symbol of the Lady of Justice indicates that justice will be done without any favour or a feeling of like or dislike and if a person is proved a culprit, he/she will be punished.
How has the Constitution protected the independence of the Judiciary?
Answer
The judges of the High Courts or the Supreme Court may be removed from their position by impeachment proceedings if their misbehaviour or incapacity is proved. In this way the Constitution has protected the independence of the Judiciary.
Judiciary is necessary to ensure that no guilty person escapes punishment and is tempted to commit more crimes by violating the law, thinking that there is no fear of law and he/she is free from punishment.
Which authority is given to the ligh Court to prevent misuse of Public Interest Litigation $(PIL)?$
Answer
If the Public Interest Litigation is found unnecessary and improper the petitioner may be punished or fined by the High Court. The High Court is given the authority to do so in order prevent misuse of Public Interest Litigation $(PILI).$
Why are Lok Adalats organized by the Law Department of the Government?
Answer
The backlog of cases in the court is increasing day by day as the number of cases disposed off is much less than the number of cases filed in the courts everyday To reduce the backlog of such cases. Lok Adalats are organized by the Law Department of the Government.
The victim of the crime first registers a complaint at the nearest (local) police station or lodges an oral complaint Sometimes the police themselves takes note of a crime. Since information about the complaint is obtained for the first time, it is called FIR-First Information Report.
In which judgements has the Supreme Court protected the fundamental rights of the citizens?
Answer
In India, the Supreme Court has protected the fundamental rights of the citizens in the judgements of the much debated case of Mr Keshvanand Bharti versus the Government of Kerala and in the case of Justice Puttaswami versus the Union of India.
By which procedure can a judge of the Supreme Court be removed from his position?
Answer
A judge of the Supreme Court can be removed from his position by the process known as the impeachment on the basis of proven misbehaviour, incapacity and violation of constitutional limits.
Before assuming office, which type of oath does each judge of the Supreme Court take and before whom?
Answer
Before assuming office, each judge of the Supreme Court takes an oath of being loyal (faithful) and protecting the Constitution of India. This oath is taken before the President.
Into how many parts is the jurisdiction of the High Court divided? Which are they$?$
Answer
The jurisdiction of the High Court is divided into three parts $(1)$ Original jurisdiction. $(2)$ Disputed jurisdiction and $(3)$ Administrative jurisdiction
In the High Court. the lawyers of the complainant and the accused make arguments of the case before the judge If needed, the accused or the complainant are brought to court. After hearing the arguments of both the parties, the judge gives the judgement.
Who appoints the Chief Justice and the other judges of the High Court?
Answer
The Chief Justice of the High Court is appointed by the President in consultation with the Senior Judge of High Court as well the Governor of the respective state The other Judges are also appointed by the President in consulation with the Chief Justice of the High Court of the respective state.
According to the Constitution of India. a High Court consists of one Chief Justice and as many other judges as the President appoints from time to time.
The North-Eastern states of India namely, Assam Arunachal Pradesh. Meghalaya Mizoram, Nagaland and Tripura as well as between Punjab and Haryana and between Andhra Pradesh and Telangana have only one High Court.
Which courts are there in Metro cities? Which power have the judges of those courts to punish$?$
Answer
There are City Civil Courts, Sessions Courts and Labour Courts in Metro cities. The Judges of those courts have power to punish the culprit for $7$ or more years and ask him her to pay a fine of any amount of money.
When does the judge give judgement in Taluka and District Courts?
Answer
The accused and the complainant remain present in Taluka and District Courts and present their case before the judges through their respective lawyers. After listening to the arguments of both the parties. the judge gives the verdict.
Which is the principal court of civil jurisdiction?
Answer
The court of the District and Sessions Judge is the highest court in each district. It is the principal court of civil jurisdiction. It also has the status of the Sessions Court.