Social Science 2 Marks Each

The Supreme Court is at the top and is the ultimate court for justice. Its judgements and decisions are considered final No appeal can be made against the judgements and decisions of the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court has the power to control. guide and supervise all the courts of the country. Therefore, the Supreme Court is called 'Supreme.

The Indian Union Government has a consistent, uniform and independent Judiciary for the whole country. At the central level, the Supreme Court of the country is at the top. The High Courts are in the middle and the District Courts and the subordinate courts are at the base.

The High Courts hear appeals of the District Courts and give their judgements, while the Supreme Court hears appeals of the High and gives its judgements. Thus, the High Court acts as a link between all Subordinate Courts and the Supreme Court in Indian Judiciary.

In Indian democracy, there is provision for an independent and impartial Judiciary to protect Constitution and fundamental rights of citizens as well as to bring Constitutional resolutions for any conflicts of power and jurisdiction between the Union and the state or between the states. The Judiciary examines and interprets the Constitutional consistency of any provision of law. The Judiciary ensures that Constitutional limits are not violated by the legislature or the executive. Thus, the Judiciary of India is the milestone of democracy.

The scheme of mid-day meal currently operational in our primary schools is also based on a verdict of the court.

In India, the Supreme Court has protected the fundamental rights of the citizens in the judgements of the much debated case of Mr Keshvanand Bharti versus the Government of Kerala and in the case of Justice Puttaswami versus the Union of India.

After the complaint note is recorded. it is investigated. the culprits (accused) are searched for by the police and the chargesheet is prepared by collecting evidences against them.

The main objective of the Lok Adalat Is to bring speedy and amicable settlement between the two parties who have registered their complaints in court.

The Gujarat State Legal Service Authority. High of Gujarat has established permanent Lok Adalats in some districts of Gujarat.

The backlog of cases in the court is increasing day by day as the number of cases disposed off is much less than the number of cases filed in the courts everyday To reduce the backlog of such cases. Lok Adalats are organized by the Law Department of the Government.

Judiciary is necessary to ensure that no guilty person escapes punishment and is tempted to commit more crimes by violating the law, thinking that there is no fear of law and he/she is free from punishment.

The Indian Judiciary has accepted the principle that when a person is charged with a crime, he is not considered a culprit until he is proved guilty.

The High Courts are known as the 'Court of Records for all states and the Supreme Court is known as the 'Court of Records' for the whole nation.

The judges of the High Courts or the Supreme Court may be removed from their position by impeachment proceedings if their misbehaviour or incapacity is proved. In this way the Constitution has protected the independence of the Judiciary.

The Symbol of the Lady of Justice indicates that justice will be done without any favour or a feeling of like or dislike and if a person is proved a culprit, he/she will be punished.