Matter in Our Surroundings Science - Matter in Our Surroundings

Which of the following statement is incorrect?

1. The particles of matter are very, very small.
2. The particles of matter attract one another.
3. The particles of some of the matter are moving constantly.
4. The particles of all the matter have spaces between them.

The conversion of a solid into vapours without passing through the liquid state is called:

1. Vaporization.
2. Fusion.
3. Sublimation.
4. Freezing.

The boiling point of ethane is, -88°C. This temperature will be equivalent to:

1. 285K
2. 288K
3. 185K
4. 361K

On converting 25°C, 38°C and 66°C to Kelvin scale, the correct sequence of temperatures will be:

1. 298K, 311K and 339K
2. 298K, 300K and 338K
3. 273K, 278K and 543K
4. 298K, 310K and 338K

Which one of the following set of phenomena would increase on raising the temperature?

1. Diffusion, evaporation, compression of gases.
2. Evaporation, compression of gases, solubility.
3. Evaporation, diffusion, expansion of gases.
4. Evaporation, solubility, diffusion, compression of gases.

At room temperature, the forces of attraction between the particles of solid substances are ____________ than those which exist in the gaseous state.

The smell of perfume gradually spreads across a room due to _________.

When steam condenses to form water, heat is __________.

The best evidence that the particles of matter are constantly moving comes from the studies of ________ and ________.

The arrangement of particles is less ordered in the ________ State. However, there is no order in the ________ State.

Solid carbon dioxide is stored under low pressure.

Red brown bromine vapour diffuse into air in a gas jar but the colourless air molecules do not diffuse into bromine vapour.

What is the physical state of water:
at 250°C?

Name one property of liquids and gases which tells us that their molecules are moving constantly.

What is the physical state of water:
at 100°C?

Convert the temperature of 573K to the Celsius scale.

Name two gases which are supplied in compressed form in homes and hospitals.

Why is a liquid (the hydraulic fluid) used to operate the brakes in a car?

State two characteristics of matter demonstrated by:
Diffusion.

How does applying pressure (or compression) help in the liquefaction of a gas?

State two characteristics of matter demonstrated by:
Brownian motion.

1. Compare the properties of solids, liquids and gases in tabular form.
2. Give two reasons for saying that wood is a solid.

During class, the students resemble molecules in a solid (because they are very close to one another)

While going from one classroom to another the students resemble molecules in a liquid (because they are a little more father apart from one another)

Draw a labeled diagram of the experimental set-up to study the latent heat of vaporization of water.

How does the water kept in an earthen pot (matka) become cold during summer?

Explain why, we can easily move our hand in air but to do the same through a plank of wood, we need a karate expert.

Why does the temperature remain constant during the boiling of water even though heat is supplied continuously?

Why does a desert cooler cool better on a hot, dry day?

If the back of your hand is moistened with alcohol, you will find that it rapidly becomes dry. Why is it that while it is drying, your hand feels cool?

Why are we able to sip hot tea or milk faster from a saucer rather than from a cup?

Look at the diagram on the right side. Jar A contains are d-brown gas whereas Jar B contains a colourless gas. The two gas jars are separated by a glass plate placed between them:

1. What will happen when the glass plate between the two jars is pulled away?
2. What name is given to the phenomenon which takes place?
3. Name the brown gas which could be in jar A.
4. Which is the colorless gas most likely to be present in jar B?
5. Name one coloured solid and one colourless liquid which can show the same phenomenon.

When extremely small particles X derived from the another of a flower were suspended in a liquid Y and observed through a microscope, it was found that the particles X were moving throughout the liquid Y in a very zig zag way. It was also observed that warmer the liquid Y, faster the particles X moved in its surface.

1. What could particles X be?
2. What do you think liquid Y is?
3. What is the zig-zag movement of particles X?
4. What is causing the zig-zag movement of particles X?
5. Name the scientist who discovered this phenomenon.
6. What does this experiment tell us about the nature of liquid Y?

When a beam of sunlight enters a room through a window, we can see tiny particles X suspended in a gas (or rather a mixture of gases) Y which are moving rapidly in a very haphazard manner.

1. What could particles X be?
2. Name the gas (or mixture of gases) Y.
3. What is the phenomenon exhibited by particles X known as?
4. What is causing the movement of particles X?
5. What conclusion does the existence of this phenomenon give us about the nature of matter?