18 questions · timed · auto-graded
Communicable diseases are non-infectious.
False.
Explanation:
Communicable diseases comprise infectious diseases such as tuberculosis and measles, while non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are mostly chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, cancers, and diabetes.
High blood pressure is an infectious disease.
False.
Explanation:
Blood pressure is the pressure produced on blood vessels during contraction and relaxation of the heart. 90% of hypertension has no definite cause and is called "primary hypertension". They are probably related to hereditary factors. It usually presents after middle age. It is not spread from one person to other.
Rickets is caused due to the deficiency of vitamin A.
False.
Explanation:
Rickets is caused due to deficiency of vitamin D in the body.
Hepatitis is non-communicable disease.
False.
Explanation:
Hepatitis is a communicable disease that can spread through touch, sharing of contaminated food and sexual intercourse.
Antibiotics are produced by bacteria and fungi.
True.
Explanation:
Organisms produce antibiotics to compete for a particular niche and to survive. For example, Ascomycetes (Penicillium) produces penicillin. Penicillin kills bacteria by interfering with the enzyme that links sugar chains in the cell wall. Plant and fungi have different cell wall structures.
The process of vaccination was developed by Jenner in the year 1796.
True.
Explanation:
Dr. Edward Jenner developed was an English physician and scientist who was the pioneer of smallpox vaccine, the world's first vaccine.
Hepatitis B is more dangerous than Hepatitis A.
True.
Explanation:
Hepatitis B causes a long-term infection that could lead to liver damage and takes long time to recover from Hepatitis B.
Botulism can be caused by canned food.
True.
Explanation:
Botulism poisoning is due to a toxin produced by a type of bacteria called Clostridium botulinum. Certain food sources, such as home-canned foods, provide a potent breeding ground for botulism can be home-canned foods or commercially canned products that didn’t undergo proper processing.
Interferons are made by our body to fight against the viral infections.
True.
Explanation:
They are a major defense against viral infections and abnormal growths (neoplasm’s). interferon’s are produced in response to penetration of animal cells by viral infections and in stimulating the entire immune system to fight disease.
Ringworm is caused by a nematode worm.
False.
Explanation:
Ringworm of the skin (tinea corporis) is most commonly caused by the fungus Trichophyton rubrum, which spreads from one person to another. It can also be caused by Microsporum canis, which is spread by cats and dogs.
Acquire disease are developed after birth.
True.
Explanation:
An acquired disorder is a medical condition which develops postnatally For example, AIDS is an acquired, not an inherited, form of immune deficiency.
HIV virus is a retrovirus.
True.
Explanation:
HIV virus is a retrovirus as it uses its own reverse transcriptase enzyme to produce DNA from its RNA genome, the reverse of the usual pattern, thus retro (backwards).
Penicillin is effective against bacteria because it inhibits their wall formation.
True.
Explanation:
Penicillins and other antibiotics in the beta-lactam family contain a characteristic four-membered beta-lactam ring. Penicillin kills bacteria through binding of the beta-lactam ring to DD-transpeptidase, inhibiting its cross-linking activity and preventing new cell wall formation. Without a cell wall, a bacterial cell is vulnerable to outside water and molecular pressures, and quickly dies. Since human cells do not contain a cell wall, penicillin treatment results in bacterial cell death without affecting human cells.
Cancer is an infectious disease.
False.
Explanation:
Cancer cells from one person are generally unable to live in the body of another healthy person. A healthy person’s immune system recognizes foreign cells and destroys them, including cancer cells from another person.
Streptomycin inhibits protein synthesis in pathogenic bacteria.
True.
Explanation:
Streptomycin is in the aminoglycoside class of medication. It works by blocking the ability of 30 S ribosomal subunits to make proteins which results in bacterial death and inhibits protein synthesis in pathogenic bacteria.
AIDS can be transmitted through blood transfusion.
True.
Explanation:
It can be spread by sexual contact with an infected person, by sharing needles/ syringes with someone who is infected, or, rarely, through transfusions with infected blood. The most common type of HIV is known as HIV-1.
An environmental stress upsets the normal physiological functioning of the organisms.
True.
Explanation:
Stress can lead to changes in behavior and in physiology. Behavioral changes can include smoking, changes in eating habits and physical activity. Physiological changes can include changes in sympathetic activation or HPA activity, and immunological function. However, there is much variability in the link between stress and illness.
Personal hygiene is basic to prevent infectious disease.
True.
Explanation:
Good personal hygiene, through hand washing, and safe diapering practices are critical to helping prevent the spread of illness and disease in emergency situations.