Biology [1 Mark Question Answer]

At the base of the brain.

At the base of the urinary bladder.

The endocrine-part of the pancreas consists of small groups of epithelial cells called the Islets of Langerhans which are found scattered in the pancreas which is situated between the stomach and the duodenum.

It consists of a pair of glands situated at the top of each kidney and are enclosed in a connective tissue capsule.

It consists of two lobes placed on either side of the trachea on the ventral side in the neck region at the level of the base of the larynx.

It increases blood pressure, stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth and causes the ejection of milk from mammary glands.

It loosens the pelvic ligaments and softens the cervix of the uterus during childbirth.

It maintains the normal course of pregnancy.

It is necessary for the development of primary and secondary sexual characters in females.

It is necessary for the development of primary and secondary sexual characters in males.

In converts glucose into glycogen, decreasing blood sugar level.

It increases the rate of metabolism and maintains energy balance in the body.

The hormones secreted from anterior pituitary, that stimulate certain other endocrine glands, are called trophic hormones.

The hormones are carried to all the parts of the body through blood circulation to bring about the harmonious working of the body. So, they are called chemical messengers.

Chemically hormones are not always protein, but they are of different chemical natures. They may be protein as insulin, polypeptide like parathyroid hormone or epinephrine.

Osteoporosis is a disease caused due to excessive secretion of parathormone. In this, the bones become weak, elastic and bent.

Pancreas secretes insulin and glucagon. These hormones control blood glucose level. Insulin decreases while glucagon increases blood glucose level.

The thyroid secretes thyroxin. It controls basal metabolic rate (BMR), growth and differentiation of the body

ADH or Vasopressin

Pituitary

Thyroxin

Exophthalmic goitre

Thyroxin

Diabetes

Insulin

Insulin

Progesterone

Pancreas

β cells and α cells respectively

Acromegaly

Insulin and glucagon

Veins

Myxedema

Adrenaline

Adrenaline

Adrenal gland

Thyroxine

Somatotrophic or Growth Hormone (GH)

Thyroxine

Androgen (Aldosterone)

Insulin

Adrenal medulla

Adrenal medulla

Ovary

Pituitary gland

Testes (Leydig cells)

Ovary (Corpus luteum)

Hypothalamus of the brain

Testes (Leydig cells)

Androgens (Testosterone)