[2 Mark Question Answer]

Question 12 Marks

Differentiate between : external fertilization and internal fertilization.

Answer

External fertilization	Internal Fertilization
$(1)$ The fusion of sex calls occurs outsidé the body.	$(1)$ The fusion of sex cells occurs inside the body.
$(2)$ It occurs in fishes and frogs.	$(2)$ It occurs in mammals, birds and reptiles.

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Question 22 Marks

Differentiate between : epigeal germination and hypogeal germination.

Answer

Epigeal germination	Hypogeal Germination
$(1)$ In this type of germination two cotyledons are pushed up through the soil.	$(1)$ In this type of germination the cotyledon remain below the soil.
$(2)$ It is observed in dicot seeds.	$(2)$ It occurs in monocot seeds.
$(3)$ It occurs in beans, peas.	$(3)$ It occurs in maize.

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Question 32 Marks

Differentiate between : self pollination and cross pollination.

Answer

Self pollination	Cross-pollination
$(1)$ Self pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from anther to filament within the same flower.	$(1)$ Cross pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from anther to filament of another flower.
$(2)$ It occurs either in the same flower or another flower of the same plant.	$(2)$ It occurs between two flowers that are on different plants but are of the same species.
$(3)$ It occurs in the flowers which are genetically same.	$(3)$ It occurs between the flowers which are genetically different.

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Question 42 Marks

Differentiate between : cutting and grafting

Answer

Cutting	Grafting
$(1)$ The portion of any plant organ like root, stem, leaf or bulb used for vegetative propagation of plant.	$(1)$ In this process stem cutting $($scion$)$ is attached to the stem of another plant $($stock$)$ having extensive root system.
$(2)$ No new varieties are developed.	$(2)$ It helps in developing new varieties.

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Question 52 Marks

Differentiate between : sexual reproduction and vegetative propagation.

Answer

Sexual Reproduction	Vegetative propagation
$(1)$ New individual develops from the fertilization two different gametes.	$(1)$ New individual develops of from vegetative part of plant i.e. from root, stem or leaf.
$(2)$ New organism produced is not exactly similar to the parents.	$(2)$ New individual developed is exactly the same as the parent plant.
$(3)$ Fusion of two gametes occurs.	$(3)$ There is no fusion of gametes in it.

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Question 62 Marks

Differentiate between : binary fission and multiple fission.

Answer

Binary fission	Multiple fission
$(1)$ Nucleus divides in to two parts.	$(1)$ Nucleus divides in to many parts.
$(2)$ It occurs under normal conditions	$(2)$ It takes place during unfavourable conditions
$(3)$ It give rise to two individuals.	$(3)$ If forms many individuals.

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Question 72 Marks

Differentiate between : asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction.

Answer

Asexual Reproduction	Sexual Reproduction
$(1)$ Always monoparental	$(1)$ usually biparental
$(2)$ It does not involve the formation and fusion of gametes.	$(2)$ It involves the formation and fusion of two types of gametes.
$(3)$ No sex organs are formed	$(3)$ Sex organs are always formed
$(4)$ New individual develops from a cell or a part of one parent.	$(4)$ New individual develops from a Zygote.
$(5)$ The new individuals are genetically similar to the parent.	$(5)$ The new individuals are genetically different from either of the two parents.

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Question 82 Marks

Explain the events taking place during fertilization in flowering plants.

Answer

Once a pollen grain reaches the stigma, it begins to grow a pollen tube. The pollen tube grows down through the style to the ovary. A male gamete or male sex cell travels down each pollen tube and joins with the egg cell or a female gamete inside an ovule. The fusion of the male gamete with the female gamete is called fertilization.

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Question 92 Marks

What are the advantages of vegetative propagation ?

Answer

advantages of vegetative propagation $–$
The plants produced by vegetative propagation bear flowers and fruits earlier than the plants produced from seeds.
It is a faster method of growing plants than growing from seeds.
It is extremely useful for production of seedless plants like banana, grapes and sugarcane.
The plants produced are exactly the same as the parent plant.
Most plants are able to survive in unfavourable conditions.

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BIOLOGY [2 Mark Question Answer]

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