BIOLOGY [2 Mark Question Answer]

Passive smoking means breathing in other people’s tobacco smoke. The smoke drifting from a lit cigarette plus the smoke breathed out by a smoker is called second-hand smoke or environmental tobacco smoke. Second-hand smoke is a serious health risk for both those who smoke and those who do not.

Narcotic any of a group of drugs, such as heroin, morphine, and pethidine, that produce numbness and stupor. They are used medicinally to relieve pain but are sometimes also taken for their pleasant effects; prolonged use may cause addiction.

A third-degree burn is referred to as a full-thickness burn. This type of burn destroys the outer layer of skin (epidermis) and the entire layer beneath (or dermis).

First aid is the first and immediate assistance given to any person with either a minor or serious illness or injury, with care provided to preserve life, prevent the condition from worsening, or to promote recovery until medical services arrive.

Apply gentle pressure with a clean bandage or cloth and elevate the wound until bleeding stops. Clean the wound. Rinse the wound with water. Keeping the wound under running tap water will reduce the risk of infection.

Hold the area under cool (not cold) running water for about 10 minutes. If the burn is on the face, apply a cool, wet cloth until the pain eases. For a mouth burn from hot food or drink, put a piece of ice in the mouth for a few minutes.

Use a clean cloth or gauze to apply pressure to the area until bleeding stops. Clean the area with soap and water. Apply an antibiotic cream to help ward off infection. Cover the wound with a sterile bandage or gauze to protect it while it heals.

Cover the wound with sterile gauze or a clean cloth. Press on it firmly with the palm of your hand until bleeding stops. But don’t press on an eye injury or embedded object. Don’t press on a head wound if you suspect a skull fracture.

Stop any bleeding. Apply pressure to the wound with a sterile bandage, a clean cloth or a clean piece of clothing. Immobilize the injured area.

Bend the top leg so both hip and knee are at right angles. Gently tilt their head back to keep the airway open. If breathing or pulse stops at any time, roll the person onto their back and begin CPR. If you think there is a spinal injury, leave the person where you found them (as long as breathing continues).

Get the person into fresh air as soon as possible. If the person vomits, turn his or her head to the side to prevent choking. Begin CPR if the person shows no signs of life, such as moving, breathing or coughing.

Immobilize the person completely. Splint the limb to keep it still. Use a makeshift stretcher to carry the person to a place where transport is available to take them to a health facility. Never use a tight arterial tourniquet.

Gently examine the eye to find the object. Pull the lower lid down and ask the person to look up. Then hold the upper lid while the person looks down. If the object is floating in the tear film on the surface of the eye, try using a medicine dropper filled with clean, warm water to flush it out.

Clean the affected area with soap and warm water. Use a cold pack to reduce swelling and pain. Use pain-relieving medication and creams. If there is significant pain and swelling, over-the-counter pain medication (such as paracetamol) or an antihistamine may give some relief.

First-degree burns affect only the outer layer of the skin. They cause pain, redness, and swelling. Second-degree burns affect both the outer and underlying layer of skin.

he harmful effects of For every person who dies because of smoking, at least 30 people live with a serious smoking-related illness. Smoking causes cancer, heart disease, stroke, lung diseases, diabetes, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis.

Alcohol use can lead to the development of chronic diseases and other serious problems including: High blood pressure, heart disease, stroke, liver disease, and digestive problems. Cancer of the breast, mouth, throat, esophagus, voice box, liver, colon, and rectum.

Drugs can cause permanent physical damage to your internal organs, including your heart, your liver, and your brain. The risk of stroke and life-threatening infection also increase dramatically. Your sanity. Addiction leads to serious behavioral problems, including paranoia, aggression, and impulsivity.

Driving while either intoxicated or drunk is dangerous and drivers with high blood alcohol content or concentration (BAC) are at greatly increased the risk of car accidents, highway injuries and vehicular deaths. Alcohol can impair coordination and judgement and is a major cause of road injury.