Geography [2 Mark Question Answer]

Evaporation is highest in the tropical belt due to continuous vertical rays of the sun, while in temperate belt less evaporation and in polar belt least evaporation takes place due to less insolation.

Cyclonic rainfall is provided by the cyclones created in tropical and temperate regions along the air mass fronts, where warm and cold air meet together and the warm air is encircled by the cold air resulting in circular wind systems. The tropical cyclones provide heavy rainfall for a few days, but temperate cyclones provide light rainfall or drizzling for a long period.

Condensation nuclei — Condensation nuclei is the base around which moisture is gathered and converts into a drop of water, e.g. the dust particles present in the atmosphere make the base of condensation form.

The amount of water vapour or humidity is dependent on the temperature conditions, because the capacity of air to hold moisture changes according to the temperature, e.g., in higher temperature the water vapour amount may increase and in low temperature, it may decrease.

Equatorials and coastal areas of monsoon countries get maximum rainfall, more than 200 cm, sub-tropical areas get moderate rainfall 100-200 cm, and the least rainfall areas are Hot and cold deserts getting nearly 25 cm.

For evaporation excessive heat and the presence of water, bodies are essential. Nearly 600 calories of heat is required to change water into water vapour. Evaporation is maximum in tropical belt and mainly in a hot desert region surrounded by water bodies. In the equatorial belt, due to overcast with clouds, evaporation is comparatively less due to obstacles of cloud in the heating process.

Condensation is the reverse process of evaporation. In condensation, water vapour in the atmosphere gets converted into water droplets or ice. Condensation takes place when water vapour is added to saturated air or when the temperature falls below the temperature at which air becomes saturated.

Moisture-laiden winds provide more rainfall to the coastal parts due to being situated by the coast and receiving the rain bearing winds, but the interior get negligible rainfall due to being the almost dry winds without moisture.

Condensation takes place up to the dew-point comes, but after it precipitation starts due to water-droplets converted into water drops. So, condensation and precipitation are different processes occurring in different conditions and temperature episodes.

Due to excessive heat, the evaporation takes place in fast speed, and in every afternoon rainfall occurs after heavy cloud formation by convection process. So the sky mostly remains overcast with clouds.