Question
Describe the following electrophilic substitution reaction using phenol.
- Nitrosation
- Nitration
- Sulphonation
✓
Answer
1. Nitrosation:
Phenol can be readily nitrosoated at low temperature with nitrous acid.
Phenol can be nitrated using 20% nitric acid at room temperature, a mixture of ortho and para nitro phenols are formed.
3. Phenol when treated with Conc. $HNO _3$ and Conc. $H _2 SO _4$ picric acid is formed.
4. Sulphonation:
Phenol when reacts with Conc. $H _2 SO _4$ at 280 K , o - phenol suiphonic acid is formed as major product. But when the reaction is carried out at 313 K , the major product is p - phenol suiphonic acid.
Phenol can be readily nitrosoated at low temperature with nitrous acid.
Phenol can be nitrated using 20% nitric acid at room temperature, a mixture of ortho and para nitro phenols are formed.
3. Phenol when treated with Conc. $HNO _3$ and Conc. $H _2 SO _4$ picric acid is formed.
4. Sulphonation:
Phenol when reacts with Conc. $H _2 SO _4$ at 280 K , o - phenol suiphonic acid is formed as major product. But when the reaction is carried out at 313 K , the major product is p - phenol suiphonic acid.
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