India and the World — Political Science STD 12 Arts — Question
Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ArtsPolitical ScienceIndia and the World3 Marks
Question
Discuss India's relations with its neighbors.
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Answer
1. Relations with India-Pakistan:
Relations between India and Pakistan have been strained since India's independence.
There were three wars between India and Pakistan in 1948, 1965 and 1971.
Pakistan lost every time.
Despite the Tashkent Agreement and the Shimla Agreement between the two countries, Pakistan does not faithfully abide by those agreements.
In 1999, war broke out between India and Pakistan at Kargil.
The heads of both countries are trying to resolve their problems through peaceful settlement.
2. India-China relations:
Relations between India and China began in 1954.The breakdown in relations between India and China led to China publishing maps of its borders, in which a large part of India was its own.
The McMahon Line, which marks the border between India and China, was rejected by China, so China invaded India in 1962.
The question of the border is being negotiated, but no compromise can be reached.
Mutual cooperation and friendly relations between India and China have been developing in the last decade.
In 2014, the Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi and the Prime Minister of China Jin Ping paid a courtesy call at Riverfront, Ahmedabad.
3. India-Bangladesh relations:
In 1971, Bangladesh emerged as an independent sovereign nation.
Before that it was part of Pakistan.
India also helps Bangladesh as a nascent nation with financial techniques and physical resources.
Reconciliation was reached through discussions on the use and distribution of Ganga river water.
India has provided adequate assistance to Bangladesh during natural calamities.
In 2015, the disputed land area between the two nations and the citizenship issues of the people of that area were resolved through negotiations.
4. India-Bhutan relations:
India made a treaty of lasting peace and friendship with Bhutan.
The Prime Minister of India Nehru visited Bhutan. (1958)
The President of India also visited Bhutan (1970).
The Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi also visited Bhutan. (2014)
India agreed to provide assistance to Bhutan for the development of communication and transportation.
Strengthens relationships.
The two countries have expressed satisfaction over the cooperation on mutual security.
5. India-Sri Lanka relations:
The issue of citizenship to the Tamil people of India has become a point of contention between the two but both countries have tried to resolve it through negotiations.
India wants the injustice done to the Tamil people of Sri Lanka to be removed and the Tamil organizations and the Sri Lankan government to resolve the Tamil problem peacefully.
As many as 27,000 houses have been constructed with the financial assistance of India for the rehabilitation of Sri Lankan Tamil victims.
Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi visited a Tamil-affected area building during his visit to Sri Lanka. (March 13, 2015)
Thus, India has friendly relations with Sri Lanka today.
6. Relations with India-Nepal:
Relations between India and Nepal are set to begin in 1950.
According to the agreement, the two countries have recognized the protection of each other's sovereignty and territorial integrity.
Thus, free movement of citizens of both the countries is recognized in each other's country.
How many rivers flowing from the Himalayas pass through Nepal and flow through India.
Heavy floods in monsoons cause damage to India.
India is working for an agreement between India and Nepal to stop the flooding of these rivers.
India has helped a lot in Nepal's socio-economic development.
Thus many students from Nepal come to India for higher studies.
The 5.8 magnitude earthquake that struck Nepal on April 25, 2015 has helped Nepal in its economic, health and social rescue operations in the wake of the natural disaster.
7. India-Afghanistan Relations:
India has also contributed financially to the reconstruction and education of Afghanistan in the field of construction and education as well as for economic and social upliftment.
India builds the 'Parliament House' in Afghanistan.
India has also helped Afghanistan and economically during natural disasters.
Thus, even today, relations with India and Afghanistan have remained friendly.
8. Relations with India and Myanmar:
The two have maintained friendly relations since Myanmar gained independence after India's independence.
When Myanmar demanded economic development from India, India sent immediate aid.
Because India wanted to strengthen Myanmar and economically.
India and Myanmar still have harmonious relations.
In view of coexistence, India has maintained peaceful and friendly relations with its smaller neighbors.
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