Alternative Centres of Power — Political Science STD 12 Humanities — Question

Describe any four issues relating to environmental degradation.

‘India and China are emerging as great economic powers'. Do you agree? Justify your answer with any three arguments.

Highlight any three issues on which a broad agreement has emerged among most of the political parties in India.

Read the cartoon below and write a short note in favour or against the connection between war and terrorism depicted in this cartoon.

Read the passage and answer the questions below:…Indira Gandhi changed the Congress into highly cerntalised and undemocratic party organisation, from the earlier federal, democratic and ideological formation that Nehru had led…..But this… could not have happened had not Indira Gandhi changed the entire nature of politics. This new, populist politics turned political ideology ……. into a mere electoral discourse, use of various slogans not meant to be translated into government policies…… During its great electoral victories in early 1970s, amidst the celebration, the Congress party as a political organisation died….. — SUDIPTA KAVIRAJ

1. What according to the author is the difference between the strategies of Nehru and Indira Gandhi?
2. Why does the author say that the Congress party ‘died’ in the seventies?
3. In what way, did the change in the Congress party affect other political parties also?

Describe the two basic kinds of reforms on which almost everyone agrees that they must be introduced in the U.N. after the Cold War.

How has the European Union risen to being a super-national organisation? What are its limitations?

Describe the three main complaints related to the U.N. Security Council which were reflected in the resolution passed by the U.N. General Assembly in 1992.

“After the elections in 1989, an era of coalition started in which political parties are not aligning or re-aligning on the basis of ideologies.” Explain.

Study the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:
India adopted a democratic approach to the question of diversity. Democracy allows the political expressions of regional aspirations and does not look upon them as anti-national. Besides, democratic politics allows parties and groups to address the people on the basis of their regional identity, aspirations and specific regional problems.

1. Which type of diversity exists in India?
2. Name any two political parties that represent regional identity.
3. Mention any one movement that expresses regional aspirations.
4. How does democracy treat the regional issues and problems?