Question
Explain geometrical isomerism in octahedral Complex.
✓
Answer
→ This type of isomerism arises in heteroleptic complexes due to different possible geometric arrangements of the ligands.
→ Important examples of these behaviour are found with coordination numbers 4 and 6.
→ In a square planar complex of formula [MX2L2] (X and L are unidentate), the two ligands X may be arranged adjacent to each other in a cis isomer, or opposite to each other in a trans isomer.
Geometrical isomers (cis and trans) of Pt[(NH3)2Cl2]
→ Other square planar complex of the type MABXL (where A, B, X, L are unidentates) shows three isomers-two cis and one trans.
→ Such isomerism is not possible for a tetrahedral geometry.
→ In octahedral complexes of formula [MX2L4] in which the two ligands X may be oriented cis or trans to each other
Geometrical isomers (cis and trans) of [Co(NH3)4Cl2]+
→ This type of isomerism also arises when didentate ligands L-L [e.g., en ] are present in complexes of formula [MX2(L-L)2]
Geometrical isomers (cis and trans) of [CoCl2(en)2]
→ Another type of geometrical isomerism occurs in octahedral coordination entities of the type [Co(NH3)3(NO2)3].
→ If three donor atoms of the same ligands occupy adjacent positions at the corners of an octahedral face, it forms the facial (fac) isomer.
→ When the positions are around the meridian of the octahedron, we get the meridional (mer) isomer.
The facial (fac) and meridional (mer) isomers of [Co(NH3)3(NO2)3]
→ Important examples of these behaviour are found with coordination numbers 4 and 6.
→ In a square planar complex of formula [MX2L2] (X and L are unidentate), the two ligands X may be arranged adjacent to each other in a cis isomer, or opposite to each other in a trans isomer.
Geometrical isomers (cis and trans) of Pt[(NH3)2Cl2]
→ Other square planar complex of the type MABXL (where A, B, X, L are unidentates) shows three isomers-two cis and one trans.
→ Such isomerism is not possible for a tetrahedral geometry.
→ In octahedral complexes of formula [MX2L4] in which the two ligands X may be oriented cis or trans to each other
Geometrical isomers (cis and trans) of [Co(NH3)4Cl2]+
→ This type of isomerism also arises when didentate ligands L-L [e.g., en ] are present in complexes of formula [MX2(L-L)2]
Geometrical isomers (cis and trans) of [CoCl2(en)2]
→ Another type of geometrical isomerism occurs in octahedral coordination entities of the type [Co(NH3)3(NO2)3].
→ If three donor atoms of the same ligands occupy adjacent positions at the corners of an octahedral face, it forms the facial (fac) isomer.
→ When the positions are around the meridian of the octahedron, we get the meridional (mer) isomer.
The facial (fac) and meridional (mer) isomers of [Co(NH3)3(NO2)3]
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