Explain Rutherford's nuclear model of the atom. - Vidyadip

Question

Explain Rutherford's nuclear model of the atom.

✓

Answer

→In Rutherford's nuclear model of the atom, the entire positive charge and most of the mass of the atom are concentrated in the nucleus with the electrons some distance away.
→The electrons would be moving in orbits about the nucleus just as the planets do around the sun.
→Rutherford's experiments suggested the size of the nucleus to be about $10^{-15} m$ to $10^{-14} m$.
→From kinetic theory, the size of an atom was known to be $10^{-10} m$, about 10,000 to 100,000 times larger than the size of the nucleus.
→Thus, most of an atom is empty space. It is easy to understand why most of $\alpha$-particles go right through a thin metal foil as the atom is relatively empty.
→However, when an $\alpha$-particles approaches the nucleus, the intense electric field there scatters it through a large angle.
→Since the electrons of the atom are very light, they do not have much effect on the $\alpha$-particles.

Need a full question paper?

Generate a complete, print-ready paper with questions like this in minutes — across 16+ boards, with answer keys.

Start Generating Free

Explore more

More "2 Marks Questions" from ATOMS→ATOMS — all question types→Physics STD 12 Science question papers→Rajasthan Board STD 12 Science question papers→Rajasthan Board question paper generator→

Similar questions

(a) The peak voltage of an ac supply is 300 V. What is its rms voltage?
(b) The rms value of current in an ac circuit is 10 A. What is the peak current?

For a photosensitive surface, threshold wavelength is $\lambda_0.$ Does photoemission occur if the wavelength of radiation is (i) more than $\lambda_0$ and (ii) less than $\lambda_0?$ Justify your answer.

The ground state energy of hydrogen atom is – 13·6 eV. If an electron makes a transition from an energy level – 1·51 eV to – 3·4 eV, calculate the wavelength of the spectral line emitted and name the series of hydrogen spectrum to which it belongs.

A wire-loop confined in a plane is rotated in its own plane with some angular velocity. A uniform magnetic field exists in the region. Find the emf induced in the loop.

In double$-$slit experiment using light of wavelength $600\ nm,$ the angular width of a fringe formed on a distant screen is $0.1^\circ .$ What is the spacing between the two slits?

Write the mathematical relation between mobility and drift velocity of charge carriers in a conductor. Name the mobile charge carriers responsible for conduction of electric current in (i) an electrolyte (ii) an ionised gas.

A monochromatic light source of frequency $ 6\times10^{14} $ Hz emitts $ 2\times10^{-3} $ Joule energy per second. Calculate the number of photons emitted by the source per second.

A current carrying loop consists of 3 identical quarter circles of radius R, lying in the positive quadrants of the x-y, y-z and z-x planes with their centres at the origin, joined together. Find the direction and magnitude of B at the origin.

The speed of sound as measured by a student in the laboratory on a winter day is $340m/s$ when the room temperature is $17^\circ\ C.$ What speed will be measured by another student repeating the experiment on a day when the room temperature is $32^\circ\ C$?

Define magnetic susceptibility of a material. Name two elements, one having positive susceptibility and the other having negative susceptibility. What does negative susceptibility signify?