Explain the difference between the forward strand and lagging str…

Question

Explain the difference between the forward strand and lagging strand of DNA.

✓

Answer

Differences between the Leading Strand and Lagging Strand :

Leading Strand	Lagging Strand
1. It is a replicated strand of DNA which grows continuously without any gap.	1. Lagging strand is a replicated strand of DNA which is formed in short segments called Okazaki, fragments. Its growth is discontinuous.
2. It does not require DNA ligase for its growth.	2. DNA-ligase is required for joining Okazaki fragments.
3. The direction of growth of the leading strand is $5^{\prime} \rightarrow 3^{\prime}$.	3. The direction of growth of the lagging strand is $3^{\prime} \rightarrow 5^{\prime}$ though in each Okazaki fragment it is $5^{\prime} \rightarrow 3^{\prime}$.
4. Only a single RNA primer is required.	4. Starting of each Okazaki fragment requires a new RNA primer.
5. Formation of leading strand is quite rapid.	5. Formation of lagging strand is slower.
6. Its template opens in $3^{\prime} \rightarrow 5^{\prime}$ direction.	6. Its template opens in $5^{\prime} \rightarrow 3^{\prime}$ direction.
7. Formation of leading strand begins immediately at the beginning of replication.	7. Formation of lagging strand begins a bit later than that of leading strand.

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S. No.	Syndrome	Cause	Characteristics of affected individuals	SexMale/ Female/ Both
1.	Down’s	Trisomy of 21	‘a’- (i) (ii)	‘b’
2.	‘c’	XXY	Overall masculinedevelopment.	‘d’
3.	Turner’s	45 with XO	‘e’- (i) (ii)	‘f’