Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 10Sciencelife processes4 Marks
Question
Explain the structure of a nephron.
✓
Answer
Nephron is a basic filtration unit in the kidneys.
Each kidney has large numbers of nephrons packed closely together.
Nephron is a long-coiled tubular structure which begins with a cup-shaped end, called Bowman’s capsule and it ends in collecting tubule.
A cluster of very thin-walled blood capillaries seen in the Bowman’s capsule is called glomerulus.
[Nephron-the excretory unit] 20. Describe the structure and functioning of nephrons.Ans: Nephron is a basic filtration unit in the kidneys.
Each kidney has large numbers of nephrons packed closely together.
Nephron is a long-coiled tubular structure which begins with a cup-shaped end, called Bowman’s capsule and it ends in collecting tubule.
A cluster of very thin-walled blood capillaries seen in the Bowman’s capsule is called glomerulus.
[Nephron-the excretory unit]
The purpose of making urine is to filter out waste products from blood.
Nitrogenous wastes such as urea, uric acid, etc, are removed from blood in the kidney.
Urine is produced by filtration units i.e., nephrons.
Cup-shaped Bowman’s capsule collects the filtrate.
Some substance in the initial filtrate, such as glucose, amino acids, salts and a major amount of water are selectively reabsorbed as the urine flows along the coiled tube.
The amount of water reabsorbed depends on the amount of water present in the body and amount of dissolved waste which is to be excreted.
Thus, urine is formed in both kidneys.
[In a normal healthy adult, the initial filtrate in the kidneys is about $180$ L daily. However, the volume of excreted urine is only a litre or two per day. The remaining filtrate is reabsorbed in the kidney tubules.]
Need a full question paper?
Generate a complete, print-ready paper with questions like this in minutes — across 16+ boards, with answer keys.