Question
Explain Valence Bond theory in Coordination compound.
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Answer
→ According to this theory, the metal atom or ion under the influence of ligands can use its (n-1)d, ns, np or ns, np, nd orbitals for hybridization to yield a set of equivalent orbitals of definite geometry such as octahedral, tetrahedral, square planar
→ These hybridised orbitals are allowed to overlap with ligand orbitals that can donate electron pairs for bonding.
Number of Orbitals and Types of Hybridizations
→ It is usually possible to predict the geometry of a complex from the knowledge of its magnetic behaviour on the basis of the valence bond theory.
→ These hybridised orbitals are allowed to overlap with ligand orbitals that can donate electron pairs for bonding.
Number of Orbitals and Types of Hybridizations
| Coordination number | Type of Hybridisation | Distribution of hybrid orbitals in space |
| 4 | $sp ^3$ | Tetrahedral |
| 4 | $dsp ^2$ | Square planar |
| 5 | $sp ^3 d$ | Trigonal bipyramidal |
| 6 | $sp ^3 d^2$ | Octahedral |
| 6 | $d ^2 sp ^3$ | Octahedral |
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