Question
Explain with an example what is meant by substitution and addition reaction.
✓
Answer
$(i)$ The reaction in which the palce of one type of atom or group of atoms in a reactants is fallen by another atom or group of atoms is called Substitution reaction.
$ CH _4+ Cl _2 \xrightarrow{\text { sunlight }} CH _3- Cl + HCl$
$CH _3 Cl ^2+ Cl _2 \xrightarrow{\text { sunlight }} CH _2 Cl _2+ HCl$
$CH _2 Cl _2+ Cl _2 \xrightarrow{\text { sunlight }} CHCl _3+ HCl$
$CHCl _3+ Cl _2 \xrightarrow{\text { sunlight }} CCl _4+ HCl $
$(ii)$ When a carbon atom combines with another compound to form a product that contains all the atoms in both the reactants, is is called an addition reaction. For example $-$ When ethene is heated with bromine, bromine added to ethene to form ethylene dibromide.
$ CH _4+ Cl _2 \xrightarrow{\text { sunlight }} CH _3- Cl + HCl$
$CH _3 Cl ^2+ Cl _2 \xrightarrow{\text { sunlight }} CH _2 Cl _2+ HCl$
$CH _2 Cl _2+ Cl _2 \xrightarrow{\text { sunlight }} CHCl _3+ HCl$
$CHCl _3+ Cl _2 \xrightarrow{\text { sunlight }} CCl _4+ HCl $
$(ii)$ When a carbon atom combines with another compound to form a product that contains all the atoms in both the reactants, is is called an addition reaction. For example $-$ When ethene is heated with bromine, bromine added to ethene to form ethylene dibromide.
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