Question
Given below are two statements :
Statement $(I)$ : The oxidation state of an element in a particular compound is the charge acquired by its atom on the basis of electron gain enthalpy consideration from other atoms in the molecule.
Statement $(II)$ : $\mathrm{p} \pi-\mathrm{p} \pi$ bond formation is more prevalent in second period elements over other periods.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :